Sir Thomas de Grey, of Heaton

Thomas Grey (chronicler)

Sir Thomas Grey or Gray (d. before 22 October 1369) of Heaton near Norham, Northumberland, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey, an eminent soldier in the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II, and his wife, Agnes de Bayles. He was the author of the English chronicle, the Scalacronica.

Sir Thomas Grey, author of the Scalacronica, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey of Heaton (d. before 12 March 1344) and his wife Agnes de Bayles.[1]

Grey had four sisters, who according to King married John de Eure, William de Felton, William Heron, and Gerard Salvayn, 'all eldest sons of prominent knightly families'.[2]

Grey's father served almost continuously during the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II. In May 1297 Grey's father was left for dead on the field when William Wallace attacked Lanark, killing the English sheriff, William de Heselrigg, but recovered, and was active in various campaigns in the ensuing years. In May 1303 the elder Grey was captured by the Scots at Melrose Abbey, and after his release was at the siege of Stirling Castle the following spring, where he effected a dramatic rescue of Henry de Beaumont, with whom he was closely associated for much of his career.[3] Later, at the Bannockburn, Grey's father was taken prisoner by the Scots in a skirmish on 23 June 1314, the day before the main battle. He was constable of Norham Castle from 1319 to 1331, resisting two lengthy Scottish sieges there, and appears to have died shortly before 12 March 1344.[4]

Grey had already been knighted before his father's death,[5] and according to King, likely served in Scotland alongside his father in the 1330s, and may have had his first experience of war in August 1332 as part of a private expedition into Scotland mounted by a group of noblemen and gentry known as the 'Disinherited', which culminated in a battlefield victory at Dupplin Moor.[6]

In June 1338 he took out letters of protection to accompany William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury on a military expedition to Flanders, and in 1340 served on the Scottish Marches.[7]

In March 1344 'in consideration of his good service beyond the seas as well as within', he was made warden of the manor of Middlemast Middleton in Coquetdale, which had come into the King's hands by forfeiture, and was also the recipient of several other smaller grants. On 8 January 1345 he was appointed Constable of Norham Castle, and on 10 April of that year had livery of the family manor of Heaton. According to King, Grey also acquired a great deal of additional land, and left his estate much better than he found it, and was likely the builder of Heaton Castle.[8]

In 1345 he received letters of protection to accompany an expedition to Sluys, which ultimately came to nothing, and in October 1346 fought at the Battle of Neville's Cross, for which he and others received personal letters of thanks from King Edward III.[9]

In August 1355, during a sally from Norham Castle, he and one of his sons were captured at Nesbit by the Scots[10] following the Battle of Nesbit Muir.

Grey was held captive at Edinburgh Castle, and before 25 November 1356 wrote to King Edward III pleading for help in paying his ransom. He had been released by 15 August 1357, and in October 1357 was given custody of John Gray, one of the hostages for the ransom of King David of Scotland.[11] According to Archer, in August 1359 Grey is thought to have accompanied King Edward's eldest son and heir, Edward, the Black Prince, to France. Grey was made Warden of the East Marches in October 1367, and is thought to have died some time before 22 October 1369.[12]

While in captivity at Edinburgh, Grey wrote the Scalacronica, a chronicle in Anglo-Norman French[13] in five parts, which relates both universal and English history from the earliest times to about the year 1362.[14] The chief historical value of the work is in the parts dealing with the reigns of King Edward I, King Edward II, and King Edward III which draw on the personal experience of both the author and his father as soldiers in the Anglo-Scottish and French wars during those reigns.[15]

About 1353 Grey married Margaret de Presfen,[16] the daughter and heiress of William de Presfen[17] of Presson, Northumberland. They had at least one son and two daughters:

• Sir Thomas Grey (1359 - 26 November 1400) of Heaton, who married Joan Mowbray (d.1410), sister of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk,[18] and daughter of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray (d. 17 June 1368), and Elizabeth de Segrave. Sir Thomas Grey and Joan Mowbray had four sons and one daughter, including John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville.[19]
• Elizabeth Grey (d. 11 August 1412), who married Philip Darcy (d. 24 April 1399), 4th Lord Darcy of Knaith.[20]
• Agnes Grey (d. 25 October 1420), who married Sir Thomas Umfraville (d. 12 February 1391).[21]

The chronicler's grandson, Sir Thomas Grey (30 November 1384 – 2 August 1415), was one of the principals in the Southampton Plot.

The quarrel between Grey's son-in-law, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and Henry Bolingbroke, the future King Henry IV, is depicted in Act I of Shakespeare's Richard II.

From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Grey_(chronicler)

____________________

• Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 23
• Gray, Thomas (d.1369?) by Thomas Andrew Archer
• GRAY, Sir THOMAS (d. 1369?), author of the ‘Scala-chronica,’ was the son of Sir Thomas Gray of Heaton, Norhamshire, Northumberland. His mother seems to have been Agnes de Beyle (Kellaw, Reg. i. 1170, iv. 310; cf. Raine, N. Durham, p. 86; Stevenson, Preface, xxvii). Sir Thomas Gray the elder was left for dead upon the field when Wallace (May 1294) attacked the English sheriff at Lanark (Scala-chron. p. 124; Stevenson, Pref. p. xv). He was taken prisoner to Bannockburn (Scala-chron. pp. 141–2; cf. Trivet, p. 355), was constable of Norham Castle (1319), and seems to have died about 1344, for his son, Sir Thomas, was ordered seizin of his father's lands 10 April 1345 (Raine, p. 45; Kellaw, iii. 368–71, iv. 310–11). Sir Thomas Gray the younger thus became lord of Heaton Manor and warden of Norham Castle (ib.) He had already been ordered to accompany William de Montacute, the earl of Salisbury, abroad (10 July 1338), and in March 1344 the wardenship of the manor of Middlemast-Middleton was granted to ‘Thomas de Grey le Fitz’ for his service beyond the sea (Rymer, ii. 1048; Stevenson, proofs, No. 19). He fought at Neville's Cross (October 1346), and was called to the Westminster council of January 1347 (Stevenson, p. xxviii; cf. Rymer, iii. 92, 97). When the Scottish truce was over he was ordered to see to the defence of the borders (30 Oct. 1353). He was taken prisoner during a sally from Norham Castle (August 1355), and with his son Thomas (or William, according to one Scotch account), whom he knighted just before the engagement, was carried off to Edinburgh. Here he ‘became curious and pensive,’ and began ‘à treter et à translater en plus court sentence les cronicles del Graunt Bretaigne et les gestez des Englessez’ (Scala-chron. p. 2; Stevenson, p. xxix; cf. Wyntoun, bk. viii. ll. 6543–82, and Bower, ii. 350–1). Before 25 Nov. 1356 he wrote to Edward III, begging help towards paying his ransom; but he had been released by 16 Aug. 1357, when he was appointed guardian to one of King David's hostages (Rymer, iii. 343, 366). He probably accompanied the Black Prince to France in August 1359 (ib. p. 443); he was made warden of the east marches in 41 Edward III (1367), and is said to have died in 1369 (Stevenson, p. xxxii). His wife was Margaret, daughter of William de Presfen or Presson. By her he left a son, Thomas, aged ten, who appears to have died about 30 Nov. 1400, seized of Wark, Howick, Heaton, and many other manors. His grandson, John Grey (d. 1421), earl of Tankerville, is noticed separately.
• The ‘Scala-chronica’ opens with an allegorical prologue, and is divided into five parts. Of these part i., which relates the fabulous history of Britain, is based on ‘Walter of Exeter's’ Brut (i.e. on Geoffrey of Monmouth); part ii., which reaches to Egbert's accession, is based upon Bede; part iii., extending to William the Conqueror, on Higden's ‘Polychronicon;’ and part iv. professes to be founded on ‘John le vikeir de Tilmouth que escript le Ystoria Aurea.’ There are several difficulties connected with the prologue; the chief are its distinct allusions to Thomas Otterburn, who is generally supposed to have written early in the next century (Scala-chron. pp. 1–4). According to Mr. Stevenson many incidents in part iv. are not to be found in the current editions of Higden. Mr. Stevenson considers the book to assume some independent value with the reign of John; but its true importance really begins with the reign of Edward I. It is specially useful for the Scottish wars, and narrates the exploits of the author's father in great detail (Scala-chron. pp. 123, 127, 138, &c.). The author is tolerably minute as to Edward II's reign (pp. 136–53), and the rest of the book (pp. 153–203) is devoted to Edward III. The detailed account of the French wars from 1355–61 suggests the presence of the writer (pp. 172–200). The history breaks off in 1362 or 1363.
• The principal manuscript of the ‘Scala-chronica’ is that in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. The question of authorship is settled by the verse anagram in the prologue which forms the words ‘Thomas Gray’ (Prol. pp. 1, 2). The title ‘Scala-chronica’ and the allegory in the prologue with its series of ladders point to the scaling ‘ladder’ in the Gray arms (Stevenson, p. iii, n. b). In the sixteenth century Dr. Wotton made extracts from the ‘Scala-chronica.’ The whole work has never been printed, but Mr. Stevenson edited the latter half (from 1066 a.d.) and the prologue for the Maitland Club in 1836. This edition is prefaced by an elaborate introduction and a series of important documents relating to the Grays. It also includes the abstract which Leland made of the ‘Scala-chronica’ when it was in more perfect state than now, and a short analysis of a French work which seems to have borne a close relation to the ‘Scala-chronica’ (ib. pp. xxxv, xxxvi, 259–315).
• [Scala-chronica, ed. Stevenson (Maitland Club), 1836; Rymer's Fœdera, ed. 1821; Kellaw's Registrum Palatinum Dunelmense, ed. Hardy (Rolls Series); Escheat Rolls; Tanner, p. 338; Nasmith's Catal. of Manuscripts of Corpus Christi Coll. Cambridge, ed. 1777; Raine's Hist. of North Durham; Wyntoun, ed. Laing (1872), ii. 485–6; Trivet, ed. Hog (Engl. Hist. Soc.); Bower's Scotichronicon, ed. Goodall (1759), ii. 350–1; Planta's Cat. of Cotton. MSS.]
• From: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gray,_Thomas_(d.1369%3F)_(DNB00) _______________
• Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham1,2,3,4,5,6,7
• M, #22428, d. 1369
• Father Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham b. c 1280, d. c 12 Mar 1344
• Mother Agnes de Beyle
• Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham was born at of Heton, Northumberland, England. He married Margaret Pressene, daughter of William de Pressene.2,3,4,5,6,7 Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham died in 1369.
• Family Margaret Pressene
• Children
  • Joan Grey+8
  • Elizabeth Gray+2,5 b. c 1353, d. 11 Aug 1412
  • Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham, Steward, Sheriff, Escheator, & Chief Justice of the episcopal liberty of Norhamshire & Islandshire, Earl Marshal+9,3,6 b. c 1359, d. 26 Nov 1400 or 3 Dec 1400
  • Agnes Grey+4,7 b. c 1364, d. 25 Oct 1420
• Citations
• [S6962] Unknown author, The Complete Peerage, by Cokayne, Vol. IV, p. 62; Plantagenet Ancestry of 17th Century Colonists, by David Faris, p. 116; Wallop Family, p. 387.
• [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. II, p. 26.
• [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. II, p. 254-255.
• [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. III, p. 118.
• [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 389.
• [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. III, p. 106-107.
• [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. IV, p. 17-18.
• [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 570-571.
• [S5] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 353-354.
• From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p747.htm#i... ___________________
• Sir Thomas Grey1
• M, #158498, b. circa 1328, d. before 22 October 1369
• Last Edited=8 Aug 2008
• Sir Thomas Grey was born circa 1328 at Heton, Northumberland, England.2 He was the son of Sir Thomas de Grey and Agnes de Beyle.1,2 He married Margaret de Pressene, daughter of William de Pressene.1 He died before 22 October 1369.2
• He wrote the book Scalacronica.1
• Child of Sir Thomas Grey and Margaret de Pressene
  • Sir Thomas Grey+1 b. 1359, d. 26 Nov 1400
• Citations
• [S37] BP2003 volume 2, page 1660. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]
• [S125] Richard Glanville-Brown, online <e-mail address>, Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.
• From: http://www.thepeerage.com/p15850.htm#i158498 ______________
• Thomas GREY (Sir Knight)
• Born: 1328/9, Heton, Northumberland, England
• Died: BEF 22 Oct 1369
• Father: Thomas GREY (Sir Knight)
• Mother: Agnes De BEYLE
• Married: Margaret De PRESSENE 1353, Heton, Northumberland, England
• Children:
  • 1. Elizabeth GREY (B. Darcy of Knaith)
  • 2. Thomas GREY (Sir Knight)
  • 3. Jane GREY (b. 1361 - d. AFT 1366)
  • 4. John GREY (b. 1363 - d. AFT 1366)
  • 5. Agnes GREY
• From: http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/GREY4.htm#Thomas GREY (Sir Knight)2 _______________
• Links
• http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00335616&tree=LEO

_________________________

• Following genealogical detail extracted from: The Peerage, A genealogical survey of the peerage of Britain as well as the royal families of Europe, Person Page - 15850
• Also see: http://thepeerage.com/p15850.htm#i158498

Sir Thomas Grey

• M, #158498, b. circa 1328, d. before 22 October 1369
• Sir Thomas Grey was born circa 1328 at Heton, Northumberland, England.
• He was the son of Sir Thomas de Grey and Agnes de Beyle.
• He married Margaret de Pressene, daughter of William de Pressene.
• He died before 22 October 1369.
• He wrote the book Scalacronica.

Child of Sir Thomas Grey and Margaret de Pressene:

• Sir Thomas Grey b. 1359, d. 26 Nov 1400

Citations

• [S37] BP2003 volume 2, page 1660. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37] [S125]
• Richard Glanville-Brown, online <e-mail address>, Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.

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• The following biographical, genealogical narrative extracted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Grey_(chronicler)#CITEREFThiol...

[Redaction mine, jlphawn 10/24/15]

Thomas Grey (chronicler)

• Sir Thomas Grey
• Died before 22 October 1369

Spouse(s): Margaret de Presfen or as profiled, 'Pressene'

Children of Thomas Grey the chronicler and Margaret de Presfen Grey:

Sir Thomas Grey Elizabeth Grey Agnes Grey

Parent(s) of Sir Thomas Grey:

• Sir Thomas Grey
• Agnes de Bayles
• Sir Thomas Grey or Gray (d. before 22 October 1369) of Heaton near Norham, Northumberland, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey, an eminent soldier in the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II, and his wife, Agnes de Bayles.
• He was the author of the English chronicle, the Scalacronica.

Family

• Sir Thomas Grey, author of the Scalacronica, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey of Heaton (d. before 12 March 1344) and his wife Agnes de Bayles.
• Grey had four sisters, who according to King married John de Eure, William de Felton, William Heron, and Gerard Salvayn, 'all eldest sons of prominent knightly families'.
• Grey's father served almost continuously during the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II. In May 1297 Grey's father was left for dead on the field when William Wallace attacked Lanark, killing the English sheriff, William de Heselrigg, but recovered, and was active in various campaigns in the ensuing years.
• In May 1303 the elder Grey was captured by the Scots at Melrose Abbey, and after his release was at the siege of Stirling Castle the following spring, where he effected a dramatic rescue of Henry de Beaumont, with whom he was closely associated for much of his career.[3] Later, at the Bannockburn, Grey's father was taken prisoner by the Scots in a skirmish on 23 June 1314, the day before the main battle.
• He was constable of Norham Castle from 1319 to 1331, resisting two lengthy Scottish sieges there, and appears to have died shortly before 12 March 1344.

Career

• Grey had already been knighted before his father's death, and according to King, likely served in Scotland alongside his father in the 1330s, and may have had his first experience of war in August 1332 as part of a private expedition into Scotland mounted by a group of noblemen and gentry known as the 'Disinherited', which culminated in a battlefield victory at Dupplin Moor.
• In June 1338 he took out letters of protection to accompany William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury on a military expedition to Flanders, and in 1340 served on the Scottish Marches.
• In March 1344 'in consideration of his good service beyond the seas as well as within', he was made warden of the manor of Middlemast Middleton in Coquetdale, which had come into the King's hands by forfeiture, and was also the recipient of several other smaller grants.
• On 8 January 1345 he was appointed Constable of Norham Castle, and on 10 April of that year had livery of the family manor of Heaton. According to King, Grey also acquired a great deal of additional land, and left his estate much better than he found it, and was likely the builder of Heaton Castle.
• In 1345 he received letters of protection to accompany an expedition to Sluys, which ultimately came to nothing, and in October 1346 fought at the Battle of Neville's Cross, for which he and others received personal letters of thanks from King Edward III
• In August 1355, during a sally from Norham Castle, he and one of his sons were captured at Nesbit by the Scots following the Battle of Nesbit Muir.
• Grey was held captive at Edinburgh Castle, and before 25 November 1356 wrote to King Edward III pleading for help in paying his ransom. He had been released by 15 August 1357, and in October 1357 was given custody of John Gray, one of the hostages for the ransom of King David of Scotland.
• According to Archer, in August 1359 Grey is thought to have accompanied King Edward's eldest son and heir, Edward, the Black Prince, to France.
• Grey was made Warden of the East Marches in October 1367, and is thought to have died some time before 22 October 1369.

The Scalacronica

While in captivity at Edinburgh, Grey wrote the Scalacronica, a chronicle in Anglo-Norman French in five parts, which relates both universal and English history from the earliest times to about the year 1362. The chief historical value of the work is in the parts dealing with the reigns of King Edward I, King Edward II, and King Edward III which draw on the personal experience of both the author and his father as soldiers in the Anglo-Scottish and French wars during those reigns.

Marriage and issue

• About 1353 Grey married Margaret de Presfen, the daughter and heiress of William de Presfen of Presson, Northumberland.
• They had at least one son and two daughters:
• Sir Thomas Grey (1359 - 26 November 1400) of Heaton, who married Joan Mowbray (d.1410), sister of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and daughter of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray (d. 17 June 1368), and Elizabeth de Segrave.
• Sir Thomas Grey and Joan Mowbray had four sons and one daughter, including

John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville. Elizabeth Grey (d. 11 August 1412), who married Philip Darcy (d. 24 April 1399), 4th Lord Darcy of Knaith. Agnes Grey (d. 25 October 1420), who married Sir Thomas Umfraville (d. 12 February 1391).

• The chronicler's grandson, Sir Thomas Grey (30 November 1384 – 2 August 1415), was one of the principals in the Southampton Plot.

Shakespeare and Sir Thomas Grey

• The quarrel between Grey's son-in-law, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and Henry Bolingbroke, the future King Henry IV, is depicted in Act I of Shakespeare's Richard II.

Footnotes

• King 2005, p. 68; Archer 2004.
• King 2005, p. 68.
• King 2005, p. 61.
• King 2005, pp. 57-9; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• King 2005, p. 59.
• King 2005, p. 59; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• King 2005, p. 67; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• King 2005, p. 59; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• King 2005, p. 73; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• King 2005, p. 65.
• Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004.
• Thiolier 2004.
• Archer 1890, p. 22.
• Maxwell 1907, p. ix; Archer 1890.
• King 2005, p. 68.
• King 2005, p. 68.
• King 2005, p. 69.
• Richardson II 2011, p. 254; Richardson III 2011, pp. 206-7; Pugh 1988, pp. 103, 187, 196; King 2005, p. 68.
• II 2011, p. 26; King 2005, p. 68.
• Richardson III 2011, p. 118; King 2005, p. 68.

References

• Archer, Thomas Andrew (1890). Gray, Thomas (c.1369?) 23. Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1890. pp. 21–2. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
• King, Andy (2005). "Scaling the Ladder: The Rise and Rise of the Grays of Heaton, c.1296-c.1415". In Liddy, Christian D. North-east England in the Later Middle Ages. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 57–74.
• Maxwell, Herbert, trans. (1907). Scalacronica; The reigns of Edward I, Edward II and Edward III as Recorded by Sir Thomas Gray. Glasgow: James Maclehose & Sons. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
• Pugh, T.B. (1988). Henry V and the Southampton Plot of 1415. Alan Sutton. ISBN 0-86299-541-8
• Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381
• Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X
• Thiolier, J.C. (2004). Gray , Sir Thomas (d.1369). Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 17 October 2012.

*"Gray, Thomas (d.1369?)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

External links

• Remains of Heaton Castle, likely built by the chronicler, Sir Thomas Grey
• Scalacronica, translated by Sir Herbert Maxwell

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Thomas Grey (chronicler)

Sir Thomas Grey or Gray (d. before 22 October 1369) of Heaton near Norham, Northumberland, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey, an eminent soldier in the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II, and his wife, Agnes de Bayles. He was the author of the English chronicle, the Scalacronica.

Sir Thomas Grey, author of the Scalacronica, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey of Heaton (d. before 12 March 1344) and his wife Agnes de Bayles.[1]

Grey had four sisters, who according to King married John de Eure, William de Felton, William Heron, and Gerard Salvayn, 'all eldest sons of prominent knightly families'.[2]

Grey's father served almost continuously during the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II. In May 1297 Grey's father was left for dead on the field when William Wallace attacked Lanark, killing the English sheriff, William de Heselrigg, but recovered, and was active in various campaigns in the ensuing years. In May 1303 the elder Grey was captured by the Scots at Melrose Abbey, and after his release was at the siege of Stirling Castle the following spring, where he effected a dramatic rescue of Henry de Beaumont, with whom he was closely associated for much of his career.[3] Later, at the Bannockburn, Grey's father was taken prisoner by the Scots in a skirmish on 23 June 1314, the day before the main battle. He was constable of Norham Castle from 1319 to 1331, resisting two lengthy Scottish sieges there, and appears to have died shortly before 12 March 1344.[4]

Grey had already been knighted before his father's death,[5] and according to King, likely served in Scotland alongside his father in the 1330s, and may have had his first experience of war in August 1332 as part of a private expedition into Scotland mounted by a group of noblemen and gentry known as the 'Disinherited', which culminated in a battlefield victory at Dupplin Moor.[6]

In June 1338 he took out letters of protection to accompany William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury on a military expedition to Flanders, and in 1340 served on the Scottish Marches.[7]

In March 1344 'in consideration of his good service beyond the seas as well as within', he was made warden of the manor of Middlemast Middleton in Coquetdale, which had come into the King's hands by forfeiture, and was also the recipient of several other smaller grants. On 8 January 1345 he was appointed Constable of Norham Castle, and on 10 April of that year had livery of the family manor of Heaton. According to King, Grey also acquired a great deal of additional land, and left his estate much better than he found it, and was likely the builder of Heaton Castle.[8]

In 1345 he received letters of protection to accompany an expedition to Sluys, which ultimately came to nothing, and in October 1346 fought at the Battle of Neville's Cross, for which he and others received personal letters of thanks from King Edward III.[9]

In August 1355, during a sally from Norham Castle, he and one of his sons were captured at Nesbit by the Scots[10] following the Battle of Nesbit Muir.

Grey was held captive at Edinburgh Castle, and before 25 November 1356 wrote to King Edward III pleading for help in paying his ransom. He had been released by 15 August 1357, and in October 1357 was given custody of John Gray, one of the hostages for the ransom of King David of Scotland.[11] According to Archer, in August 1359 Grey is thought to have accompanied King Edward's eldest son and heir, Edward, the Black Prince, to France. Grey was made Warden of the East Marches in October 1367, and is thought to have died some time before 22 October 1369.[12]

While in captivity at Edinburgh, Grey wrote the Scalacronica, a chronicle in Anglo-Norman French[13] in five parts, which relates both universal and English history from the earliest times to about the year 1362.[14] The chief historical value of the work is in the parts dealing with the reigns of King Edward I, King Edward II, and King Edward III which draw on the personal experience of both the author and his father as soldiers in the Anglo-Scottish and French wars during those reigns.[15]

About 1353 Grey married Margaret de Presfen,[16] the daughter and heiress of William de Presfen[17] of Presson, Northumberland. They had at least one son and two daughters:

•Sir Thomas Grey (1359 - 26 November 1400) of Heaton, who married Joan Mowbray (d.1410), sister of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk,[18] and daughter of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray (d. 17 June 1368), and Elizabeth de Segrave. Sir Thomas Grey and Joan Mowbray had four sons and one daughter, including John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville.[19] •Elizabeth Grey (d. 11 August 1412), who married Philip Darcy (d. 24 April 1399), 4th Lord Darcy of Knaith.[20] •Agnes Grey (d. 25 October 1420), who married Sir Thomas Umfraville (d. 12 February 1391).[21]

The chronicler's grandson, Sir Thomas Grey (30 November 1384 – 2 August 1415), was one of the principals in the Southampton Plot.

The quarrel between Grey's son-in-law, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and Henry Bolingbroke, the future King Henry IV, is depicted in Act I of Shakespeare's Richard II.

From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Grey_(chronicler)

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•Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 23 •Gray, Thomas (d.1369?) by Thomas Andrew Archer •GRAY, Sir THOMAS (d. 1369?), author of the ‘Scala-chronica,’ was the son of Sir Thomas Gray of Heaton, Norhamshire, Northumberland. His mother seems to have been Agnes de Beyle (Kellaw, Reg. i. 1170, iv. 310; cf. Raine, N. Durham, p. 86; Stevenson, Preface, xxvii). Sir Thomas Gray the elder was left for dead upon the field when Wallace (May 1294) attacked the English sheriff at Lanark (Scala-chron. p. 124; Stevenson, Pref. p. xv). He was taken prisoner to Bannockburn (Scala-chron. pp. 141–2; cf. Trivet, p. 355), was constable of Norham Castle (1319), and seems to have died about 1344, for his son, Sir Thomas, was ordered seizin of his father's lands 10 April 1345 (Raine, p. 45; Kellaw, iii. 368–71, iv. 310–11). Sir Thomas Gray the younger thus became lord of Heaton Manor and warden of Norham Castle (ib.) He had already been ordered to accompany William de Montacute, the earl of Salisbury, abroad (10 July 1338), and in March 1344 the wardenship of the manor of Middlemast-Middleton was granted to ‘Thomas de Grey le Fitz’ for his service beyond the sea (Rymer, ii. 1048; Stevenson, proofs, No. 19). He fought at Neville's Cross (October 1346), and was called to the Westminster council of January 1347 (Stevenson, p. xxviii; cf. Rymer, iii. 92, 97). When the Scottish truce was over he was ordered to see to the defence of the borders (30 Oct. 1353). He was taken prisoner during a sally from Norham Castle (August 1355), and with his son Thomas (or William, according to one Scotch account), whom he knighted just before the engagement, was carried off to Edinburgh. Here he ‘became curious and pensive,’ and began ‘à treter et à translater en plus court sentence les cronicles del Graunt Bretaigne et les gestez des Englessez’ (Scala-chron. p. 2; Stevenson, p. xxix; cf. Wyntoun, bk. viii. ll. 6543–82, and Bower, ii. 350–1). Before 25 Nov. 1356 he wrote to Edward III, begging help towards paying his ransom; but he had been released by 16 Aug. 1357, when he was appointed guardian to one of King David's hostages (Rymer, iii. 343, 366). He probably accompanied the Black Prince to France in August 1359 (ib. p. 443); he was made warden of the east marches in 41 Edward III (1367), and is said to have died in 1369 (Stevenson, p. xxxii). His wife was Margaret, daughter of William de Presfen or Presson. By her he left a son, Thomas, aged ten, who appears to have died about 30 Nov. 1400, seized of Wark, Howick, Heaton, and many other manors. His grandson, John Grey (d. 1421), earl of Tankerville, is noticed separately. •The ‘Scala-chronica’ opens with an allegorical prologue, and is divided into five parts. Of these part i., which relates the fabulous history of Britain, is based on ‘Walter of Exeter's’ Brut (i.e. on Geoffrey of Monmouth); part ii., which reaches to Egbert's accession, is based upon Bede; part iii., extending to William the Conqueror, on Higden's ‘Polychronicon;’ and part iv. professes to be founded on ‘John le vikeir de Tilmouth que escript le Ystoria Aurea.’ There are several difficulties connected with the prologue; the chief are its distinct allusions to Thomas Otterburn, who is generally supposed to have written early in the next century (Scala-chron. pp. 1–4). According to Mr. Stevenson many incidents in part iv. are not to be found in the current editions of Higden. Mr. Stevenson considers the book to assume some independent value with the reign of John; but its true importance really begins with the reign of Edward I. It is specially useful for the Scottish wars, and narrates the exploits of the author's father in great detail (Scala-chron. pp. 123, 127, 138, &c.). The author is tolerably minute as to Edward II's reign (pp. 136–53), and the rest of the book (pp. 153–203) is devoted to Edward III. The detailed account of the French wars from 1355–61 suggests the presence of the writer (pp. 172–200). The history breaks off in 1362 or 1363. •The principal manuscript of the ‘Scala-chronica’ is that in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. The question of authorship is settled by the verse anagram in the prologue which forms the words ‘Thomas Gray’ (Prol. pp. 1, 2). The title ‘Scala-chronica’ and the allegory in the prologue with its series of ladders point to the scaling ‘ladder’ in the Gray arms (Stevenson, p. iii, n. b). In the sixteenth century Dr. Wotton made extracts from the ‘Scala-chronica.’ The whole work has never been printed, but Mr. Stevenson edited the latter half (from 1066 a.d.) and the prologue for the Maitland Club in 1836. This edition is prefaced by an elaborate introduction and a series of important documents relating to the Grays. It also includes the abstract which Leland made of the ‘Scala-chronica’ when it was in more perfect state than now, and a short analysis of a French work which seems to have borne a close relation to the ‘Scala-chronica’ (ib. pp. xxxv, xxxvi, 259–315). •[Scala-chronica, ed. Stevenson (Maitland Club), 1836; Rymer's Fœdera, ed. 1821; Kellaw's Registrum Palatinum Dunelmense, ed. Hardy (Rolls Series); Escheat Rolls; Tanner, p. 338; Nasmith's Catal. of Manuscripts of Corpus Christi Coll. Cambridge, ed. 1777; Raine's Hist. of North Durham; Wyntoun, ed. Laing (1872), ii. 485–6; Trivet, ed. Hog (Engl. Hist. Soc.); Bower's Scotichronicon, ed. Goodall (1759), ii. 350–1; Planta's Cat. of Cotton. MSS.] •From: [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gray,_Thomas_%28d.1369%3F%29_%28DNB0... https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gray,_Thomas_(d.1369%3F)_(DNB00)]

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•Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham1,2,3,4,5,6,7 •M, #22428, d. 1369 •Father Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham b. c 1280, d. c 12 Mar 1344 •Mother Agnes de Beyle • Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham was born at of Heton, Northumberland, England. He married Margaret Pressene, daughter of William de Pressene.2,3,4,5,6,7 Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham died in 1369. •Family Margaret Pressene •Children •Joan Grey+8 •Elizabeth Gray+2,5 b. c 1353, d. 11 Aug 1412 •Sir Thomas Grey, Constable of Norham, Steward, Sheriff, Escheator, & Chief Justice of the episcopal liberty of Norhamshire & Islandshire, Earl Marshal+9,3,6 b. c 1359, d. 26 Nov 1400 or 3 Dec 1400 •Agnes Grey+4,7 b. c 1364, d. 25 Oct 1420

•Citations •[S6962] Unknown author, The Complete Peerage, by Cokayne, Vol. IV, p. 62; Plantagenet Ancestry of 17th Century Colonists, by David Faris, p. 116; Wallop Family, p. 387. •[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. II, p. 26. •[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. II, p. 254-255. •[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. III, p. 118. •[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. II, p. 389. •[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. III, p. 106-107. •[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. IV, p. 17-18. •[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 570-571. •[S5] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 353-354. •From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p747.htm#i...

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•Sir Thomas Grey1 •M, #158498, b. circa 1328, d. before 22 October 1369 •Last Edited=8 Aug 2008 • Sir Thomas Grey was born circa 1328 at Heton, Northumberland, England.2 He was the son of Sir Thomas de Grey and Agnes de Beyle.1,2 He married Margaret de Pressene, daughter of William de Pressene.1 He died before 22 October 1369.2 • He wrote the book Scalacronica.1 •Child of Sir Thomas Grey and Margaret de Pressene•Sir Thomas Grey+1 b. 1359, d. 26 Nov 1400

•Citations •[S37] BP2003 volume 2, page 1660. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37] •[S125] Richard Glanville-Brown, online <e-mail address>, Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005. •From: http://www.thepeerage.com/p15850.htm#i158498

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•Thomas GREY (Sir Knight) •Born: 1328/9, Heton, Northumberland, England •Died: BEF 22 Oct 1369 •Father: Thomas GREY (Sir Knight) •Mother: Agnes De BEYLE •Married: Margaret De PRESSENE 1353, Heton, Northumberland, England •Children:•1. Elizabeth GREY (B. Darcy of Knaith) •2. Thomas GREY (Sir Knight) •3. Jane GREY (b. 1361 - d. AFT 1366) •4. John GREY (b. 1363 - d. AFT 1366) •5. Agnes GREY

•From: http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/GREY4.htm#Thomas GREY (Sir Knight)2

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•Links •http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00335616&tree=LEO

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•Following genealogical detail extracted from: The Peerage, A genealogical survey of the peerage of Britain as well as the royal families of Europe, Person Page - 15850 •Also see: http://thepeerage.com/p15850.htm#i158498

Sir Thomas Grey

•M, #158498, b. circa 1328, d. before 22 October 1369 •Sir Thomas Grey was born circa 1328 at Heton, Northumberland, England. •He was the son of Sir Thomas de Grey and Agnes de Beyle. •He married Margaret de Pressene, daughter of William de Pressene.  •He died before 22 October 1369.

•He wrote the book Scalacronica.

Child of Sir Thomas Grey and Margaret de Pressene:

•Sir Thomas Grey b. 1359, d. 26 Nov 1400

Citations

•[S37] BP2003 volume 2, page 1660. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]

[S125] •Richard Glanville-Brown, online <e-mail address>, Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.

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•The following biographical, genealogical narrative extracted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Grey_(chronicler)#CITEREFThiol...

[Redaction mine, jlphawn 10/24/15]

Thomas Grey (chronicler)

•Sir Thomas Grey •Died before 22 October 1369

Spouse(s): Margaret de Presfen or as profiled, 'Pressene'

Children of Thomas Grey the chronicler and Margaret de Presfen Grey:

Sir Thomas Grey Elizabeth Grey Agnes Grey

Parent(s) of Sir Thomas Grey: •Sir Thomas Grey •Agnes de Bayles •Sir Thomas Grey or Gray (d. before 22 October 1369) of Heaton near Norham, Northumberland, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey, an eminent soldier in the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II, and his wife, Agnes de Bayles. •He was the author of the English chronicle, the Scalacronica.

Family

•Sir Thomas Grey, author of the Scalacronica, was the son of Sir Thomas Grey of Heaton (d. before 12 March 1344) and his wife Agnes de Bayles. •Grey had four sisters, who according to King married John de Eure, William de Felton, William Heron, and Gerard Salvayn, 'all eldest sons of prominent knightly families'. •Grey's father served almost continuously during the Anglo-Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I and Edward II. In May 1297 Grey's father was left for dead on the field when William Wallace attacked Lanark, killing the English sheriff, William de Heselrigg, but recovered, and was active in various campaigns in the ensuing years.  •In May 1303 the elder Grey was captured by the Scots at Melrose Abbey, and after his release was at the siege of Stirling Castle the following spring, where he effected a dramatic rescue of Henry de Beaumont, with whom he was closely associated for much of his career.[3] Later, at the Bannockburn, Grey's father was taken prisoner by the Scots in a skirmish on 23 June 1314, the day before the main battle.  •He was constable of Norham Castle from 1319 to 1331, resisting two lengthy Scottish sieges there, and appears to have died shortly before 12 March 1344.

Career

•Grey had already been knighted before his father's death, and according to King, likely served in Scotland alongside his father in the 1330s, and may have had his first experience of war in August 1332 as part of a private expedition into Scotland mounted by a group of noblemen and gentry known as the 'Disinherited', which culminated in a battlefield victory at Dupplin Moor. •In June 1338 he took out letters of protection to accompany William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury on a military expedition to Flanders, and in 1340 served on the Scottish Marches. •In March 1344 'in consideration of his good service beyond the seas as well as within', he was made warden of the manor of Middlemast Middleton in Coquetdale, which had come into the King's hands by forfeiture, and was also the recipient of several other smaller grants.  •On 8 January 1345 he was appointed Constable of Norham Castle, and on 10 April of that year had livery of the family manor of Heaton. According to King, Grey also acquired a great deal of additional land, and left his estate much better than he found it, and was likely the builder of Heaton Castle. •In 1345 he received letters of protection to accompany an expedition to Sluys, which ultimately came to nothing, and in October 1346 fought at the Battle of Neville's Cross, for which he and others received personal letters of thanks from King Edward III •In August 1355, during a sally from Norham Castle, he and one of his sons were captured at Nesbit by the Scots following the Battle of Nesbit Muir. •Grey was held captive at Edinburgh Castle, and before 25 November 1356 wrote to King Edward III pleading for help in paying his ransom. He had been released by 15 August 1357, and in October 1357 was given custody of John Gray, one of the hostages for the ransom of King David of Scotland.  •According to Archer, in August 1359 Grey is thought to have accompanied King Edward's eldest son and heir, Edward, the Black Prince, to France.  •Grey was made Warden of the East Marches in October 1367, and is thought to have died some time before 22 October 1369.

The Scalacronica

While in captivity at Edinburgh, Grey wrote the Scalacronica, a chronicle in Anglo-Norman French in five parts, which relates both universal and English history from the earliest times to about the year 1362. The chief historical value of the work is in the parts dealing with the reigns of King Edward I, King Edward II, and King Edward III which draw on the personal experience of both the author and his father as soldiers in the Anglo-Scottish and French wars during those reigns.

Marriage and issue

•About 1353 Grey married Margaret de Presfen, the daughter and heiress of William de Presfen of Presson, Northumberland.  •They had at least one son and two daughters: •Sir Thomas Grey (1359 - 26 November 1400) of Heaton, who married Joan Mowbray (d.1410), sister of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and daughter of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray (d. 17 June 1368), and Elizabeth de Segrave.  •Sir Thomas Grey and Joan Mowbray had four sons and one daughter, including 

John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville. Elizabeth Grey (d. 11 August 1412), who married Philip Darcy (d. 24 April 1399), 4th Lord Darcy of Knaith. Agnes Grey (d. 25 October 1420), who married Sir Thomas Umfraville (d. 12 February 1391).

•The chronicler's grandson, Sir Thomas Grey (30 November 1384 – 2 August 1415), was one of the principals in the Southampton Plot.

Shakespeare and Sir Thomas Grey

•The quarrel between Grey's son-in-law, Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and Henry Bolingbroke, the future King Henry IV, is depicted in Act I of Shakespeare's Richard II.

Footnotes

•King 2005, p. 68; Archer 2004. •King 2005, p. 68. •King 2005, p. 61. •King 2005, pp. 57-9; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •King 2005, p. 59. •King 2005, p. 59; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •King 2005, p. 67; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •King 2005, p. 59; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •King 2005, p. 73; Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •King 2005, p. 65. •Archer 2004; Thiolier 2004. •Thiolier 2004. •Archer 1890, p. 22. •Maxwell 1907, p. ix; Archer 1890. •King 2005, p. 68. •King 2005, p. 68. •King 2005, p. 69. •Richardson II 2011, p. 254; Richardson III 2011, pp. 206-7; Pugh 1988, pp. 103, 187, 196; King 2005, p. 68. •II 2011, p. 26; King 2005, p. 68. •Richardson III 2011, p. 118; King 2005, p. 68.

References

•Archer, Thomas Andrew (1890). Gray, Thomas (c.1369?) 23. Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1890. pp. 21–2. Retrieved 17 October 2012. •King, Andy (2005). "Scaling the Ladder: The Rise and Rise of the Grays of Heaton, c.1296-c.1415". In Liddy, Christian D. North-east England in the Later Middle Ages. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 57–74. •Maxwell, Herbert, trans. (1907). Scalacronica; The reigns of Edward I, Edward II and Edward III as Recorded by Sir Thomas Gray. Glasgow: James Maclehose & Sons. Retrieved 17 October 2012. •Pugh, T.B. (1988). Henry V and the Southampton Plot of 1415. Alan Sutton. ISBN 0-86299-541-8 •Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966381 •Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X •Thiolier, J.C. (2004). Gray , Sir Thomas (d.1369). Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 17 October 2012.

*"Gray, Thomas (d.1369?)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

External links

•Remains of Heaton Castle, likely built by the chronicler, Sir Thomas Grey •Scalacronica, translated by Sir Herbert Maxwell

Also see: https://books.google.com/books?id=RuTQAAAAMAAJ&lpg=PA21&ots=hA-boVv...

Ridder Sir Thomas de Grey av Heaton 1328 til 1369 - Sir Thomas de Grey III

Adlet til ridder før sin fars død. Tjente kong Edvard III av England

• 1332 Thomas Grey kan ha hatt sin første krigsopplevelse sammen med sin far i Skottland. En privat ekspedisjon satt sammen av en gruppe adelsmenn av aristokratiet vant en seier på slagmarken i Dupplin Moor.
• 1338 Han var med på en militær ekspedisjon til Flandern, Belgia under beskyttelse av William Montagu, 1 jarl av Salisbury
• 1340 Thomas Grey deltok i de Skotske marsjene. Det var blodige angrep som pågikk i grensetraktene England - Scotland
• 1344 For god tjeneste både på sjø og land. ble han bestyrer av herregården Middlemast Middleton i Coquetdale som var beslaglagt av kongen.
• 1345 Han ble utnevnt til konstabel av Norham Castle, og hadde no også familie herregården Heaton. Han kjøpte mer eiendom som var i mye forfatning når han forlot dem. Thomas bygde sannsynligvis Heaton Castle.
• 1346 Han kjempet i slaget om Neville kors, dette fikk han og andre personlig takkebrev fra kong Edward III for.
• 1355 På grunn av en kvinne fra Norham slott, ble han og en av hans sønner tatt på Nesbit av skottene etter slaget av Nesbit Muir. Grey ble holdt fanget på Edinburgh Castle, og skrev til kong Edward III og ba be om hjelp i å betale sin løsepenger.
• 1357 Han fikk hjelp av John Grey i oktober 1357 Han fikk løsepenger for kong David av Skottland. fengslet i England
• 1358? Margaret og Thomas giftet seg en kjenner til 4 barn
• 1359 Det er antatt at Grey ledsaget King Edwards eldste sønn og arving, Edward, den svarte prinsen, til Frankrike.
• 1367 Grey ble utnevnt bestyrer av øst marsjene ( Warden av Øst Marches) i oktober 1367, men døde en gang før 22 oktober 1369