Louisa was a woman from the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin

Looking down Main Street in Keshena

Menominee Indian family. , ca. 1931. Photograph. https://www.loc.gov/item/97512115/.

Biography:
Louisa was born c. 1875 to unknown parents. She married John Polier sometime before June 30, 1905. Census reports suggest that they had no children.

According to the book Vanished in Hiawatha, author Carla Joinson says only that she was Menominee committed from the Keshena Agency on august 7, 1909, was diagnosed with alcoholic psychosis (Psychosis associated with alcohol can occur with acute intoxication, alcohol withdrawal, and chronic alcoholism. Alcohol-related psychosis often occurs after extended periods of alcohol abuse that result in an alteration of neuronal membranes, genetic expression, and thiamine deficiency. Early-onset alcoholism results in a greater chance of complications earlier in life and an outcome that is influenced by psychosocial function.), and died (at the Canton Asylum) on December 22, 1928. The question is, if she was only an alcoholic, which is treatable, why was she retained as an inmate for 19 years?

Her profile is part of the https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Canton_Asylum.

Research Notes:
-John Polier is NOT found in the 1901 and 1902 census of the Menominee Indians of the Green Bay Agency
-The 1904 census of the Menominee Indians of the Green Bay Agency identifies a Louisa Polliar age 28 with NO husband or children.
-I am unable to find a maiden surname for Louise
__________
Sources:
1904 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll174unit/page/n347/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 348/769, line 857 (age 28 as Louisa Polliar), census of the Menominee Indians, Green Bay Agency, Wisconsin

1905 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QRWN-72T2 : Sun Mar 10 14:20:42 UTC 2024), Entry for Louisa Porlier, 1905, pg. 414/771, line 916 (age 29), census of the Menominee tribe of Indians, Green Bay Agency, Wisconsin

1906 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll174unit/page/n620/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 521/769, line 905 (age 30), census of the Menominee Indians, Green Bay Agency, Wisconsin

1907 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll174unit/page/n620/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 621/769, line 927 (age 31), census of the Menominee Indians, Green Bay Agency, Wisconsin

1908 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll174unit/page/n718/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 719/769, line 998 (age 32), census of the Menominee Indians, Green Bay Agency, Wisconsin

1909 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll200unit/page/n65/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 66/589, line 1032 (age 33), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Indian School, Wisconsin

1910 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll200unit/page/n185/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 186/589, line 1034 (age 34), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Indian School, Wisconsin

1910 Jul 2 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll015unit/page/n502/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 503/519, line 50 (age 34), Annual census of the Canton Asylum

1910 Aug 4 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=676, line 115, Table 7 Form of mental disease of those admitted since opening of Asylum

1910 Aug 4 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=677, line 54, Table 8 Form of mental disease of those in Asylum, June 30, 1910, revised

1911 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll200unit/page/n277/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 278/589, line 1120 (age 35), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Indian School, Wisconsin

1911 Jul 3 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll015unit/page/n504/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 505/519, line xxx (age 35), annual census of the Canton Asylum

1912 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll200unit/page/n358/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 359/589, line 1130 (age 37), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Indian School, Keshena Wis

1913 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll200unit/page/n453/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 454/589, line 1131 (age 38), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Indian School, Keshena Wis

1914 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll200unit/page/n552/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 553/589, line 1155 (age 39), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1915 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll201unit/page/n76/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 77/619, line 1157 (b=1875), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1916 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll201unit/page/n196/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 197/619, line 1157 (b=1875), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1917 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll201unit/page/n359/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 360/619, line 1171 (b=1875), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1917 Oct 12 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=677, line 68, Canton School Attendance record

1918 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll201unit/page/n469/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 470/619, line 1186 (b=1875), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1918 Jun 30 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=687, line 26, 1918 Asylum annual report

1919 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll201unit/page/n577/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 578/619, line 1165 (b=1875, Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1920 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll202unit/page/n76/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 77/810, line 1179 (b=1875, Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1920 Jan 30 - "United States, Census, 1920", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M6J7-FPF : Fri Jan 17 21:11:46 UTC 2025), Entry for Louisa Porlier, 1920, pg. 652/1130, line 94 (age 42), census of the Asylum for Indians, Canton Township, Lincoln County, South Dakota

1920 Jun 30 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=899, line 30, female census of the Canton Asylum

1921 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll202unit/page/n188/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 189/810, line 1187 (b=1875, Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1921 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:68Z4-CZ7J : Sat Mar 09 21:31:13 UTC 2024), Entry for Louisa Porlier, 1921, pg. 509/522, line 32, female census of the Canton Asylum

1922 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll202unit/page/n383/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 384/810, line 1199 (b=1875, Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1922 Jun 30 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=1042, line 30, female census of teh Canton Asylum

1923 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll202unit/page/n548/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 549/810, line 1205 (b=1875, Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1923 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q5T4-S86Z : Wed Jan 08 20:43:43 UTC 2025), Entry for Louise Canton Porlier, 1923, pg. 551/813, line 1205 (b=1875, Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1923 Jun 30 - Canton Insane Asylum: 1923-33; Cantonment School, pg. 370/1140: 1910-27, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports 1910 – 1935, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155855298?objectPage=032, line 32, female census of the Canton Asylum

1924 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll202unit/page/n699/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 700/810, line 1236 (b=1875), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1924 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:68Z4-F716 : Fri Mar 08 20:18:22 UTC 2024), Entry for Louisa Porlier, 1924, pg. 516/522, line 35, female census Canton Asylum

1925 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGR5-7V8Z : Thu Jan 09 12:39:54 UTC 2025), Entry for Louise Porlier, 1925, pg. 46/869, line 1250 (b=1875), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1925 Jun 30 - Canton Insane Asylum: 1923-33; Cantonment School, pg. 370/1140: 1910-27, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports 1910 – 1935, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155855298?objectPage=117, line 33, female census of the Canton Asylum

1925 - "South Dakota, State Census, 1925", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MM4D-Y7B : Sat Jan 11 03:55:44 UTC 2025), Entry for Louisa Porlier, 1925, pg. 1965/3379, card #634 (age 46), state census, Canton, Lincoln County by Harry Hummer

1926 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:7HHJ-S5W2 : Sun Jan 19 16:57:59 UTC 2025), Entry for Louise Porlier, 1926, pg. 199/869, line 1274 (b=1875 at Canton), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1926 Jun 30 - Canton Insane Asylum: 1923-33; Cantonment School, pg. 370/1140: 1910-27, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports 1910 – 1935, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155855298?objectPage=168, line 33, female census of the Canton Asylum

1927 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:7HJB-33W2 : Fri Jan 17 20:37:10 UTC 2025), Entry for Louise Porlier, 1927, pg. 359/869, line 1294 (b=1875 at Canton Asylum), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1927 Jun 30 - Canton Insane Asylum: 1923-33; Cantonment School, pg. 370/1140: 1910-27, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports 1910 – 1935, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155855298?objectPage=186, line 35, female census of the Canton Asylum

1928 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGYC-8347 : Sun Jan 19 10:36:50 UTC 2025), Entry for Louise Porlier, 1928, pg. 609/869, line 1283 (b=1875 at Canton Asylum), census of the Menominee Indians, Keshena Agency, Wis.

1928 Dec - "United States, Native American Birth and Death Records, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGFH-3GD6 : Mon Jan 13 20:27:10 UTC 2025), Entry for Louise Porlier, Dec 1928, pg. 488/545, line 1283 (age 53), census of the Menominee Reservation, Keshena Indian Agency, Wisconsin

1928 Jun 30 - Canton Insane Asylum: 1923-33; Cantonment School, pg. 370/1140: 1910-27, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports 1910 – 1935, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155855298?objectPage=211, line 33, female census of the Canton Asylum

1928 Dec - “Menominee Death’s 1924-1932.” Rootsweb.com, 2010, sites.rootsweb.com/~wishawa4/Menominee%20Indians/menominee_death%201924-1932_index.htm. Accessed 3 Apr. 2025, Porlier Louise 1928 Dec. unknown 53 F 1/4+

1929 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:7HCZ-72MM : Wed Jul 24 07:31:18 UTC 2024), Entry for Louise Porlier, 1929, pg. 690/689, line 1283 (Died Dec. 1928), census of the Menominee tribe, Menominee Reservation, Keshena jurisdiction