John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1st Earl of Richmond

a short summary from Wikipedia;

John of Gaunt (Ghent), 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG

Successor: Henry IV Bolingbroke, King of England (2nd Duke of Lancaster and of Aquitaine)

Spouse:

Blanche of Lancaster

m. 1359; dec. 1369

Infanta Constance of Castile

m. 1371; dec. 1394

Katherine Swynford

m. 1396; wid. 1399

Issue:

Philippa, Queen of Portugal

Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter

Henry IV Bolingbroke, King of England

Catherine, Queen of Castile

John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset

Cardinal Henry Beaufort

Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter

Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland

House House of Plantagenet (by birth)

House of Lancaster (founder)

Father Edward III of Windsor, King of England

Mother Philippa of Hainault

Born 6 March 1340(1340-03-06)

Ghent, Belgium

Died 3 February 1399 (aged 58)

Leicester Castle, Leicestershire

Burial St Paul's Cathedral, City of London

=====================================================================================================================================================

"John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399) was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was called "John of Gaunt" because he was born in Ghent, then rendered in English as Gaunt. When he became unpopular later in life, scurrilous rumours and lampoons circulated that he was actually the son of a Ghent butcher, perhaps because Edward III was not present at the birth. This story always drove him to fury.
As a younger brother of Edward, Prince of Wales (Edward, the Black Prince), John exercised great influence over the English throne during the minority of his nephew, Richard II, and during the ensuing periods of political strife, but was not thought to have been among the opponents of the king.

John of Gaunt's legitimate male heirs, the Lancasters, included Kings Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. His other legitimate descendants included, by his first wife, Blanche, his daughters Queen Philippa of Portugal and Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter; and by his second wife, Constance, his daughter Queen Catherine of Castile. John fathered five children outside marriage, one early in life by a lady-in-waiting to his mother, and four surnamed "Beaufort" (after a former French possession of the Duke) by Katherine Swynford, Gaunt's long-term mistress and third wife. The Beaufort children, three sons and a daughter, were legitimised by royal and papal decrees after John and Katherine married in 1396; a later proviso that they were specifically barred from inheriting the throne, the phrase excepta regali dignitate (English: except royal status), was inserted with dubious authority by their half-brother Henry IV. Descendants of this marriage included Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester and eventually Cardinal; Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, grandmother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III; John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, the grandfather of Margret Beaufort, the mother of King Henry VII; and Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots, from whom are descended, beginning in 1437, all subsequent sovereigns of Scotland, and successively, from 1603 on, the sovereigns of England, of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the United Kingdom to the present day. The three succeeding houses of English sovereigns from 1399—the Houses of Lancaster, York and Tudor—were descended from John through Henry Bolingbroke, Joan Beaufort and John Beaufort, respectively.

Lancaster's eldest son and heir, Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford, was exiled for ten years by King Richard II in 1398 as resolution to a dispute between Hereford and Thomas de Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk. When John of Gaunt died in 1399, his estates and titles were declared forfeit to the crown as King Richard II named Hereford a traitor and commuted his sentence to exile for life.

Henry Bolingbroke returned from exile to reclaim his inheritance and depose Richard. Bolingbroke then reigned as King Henry IV of England (1399–1413), the first of the descendants of John of Gaunt to hold the throne of England. Due to some generous land grants, John was not only one of the richest men in his era, but also one of the wealthiest men to have ever lived. Taking into account inflation rates, John was worth a modern equivalent of $110 billion, making him the sixteenth richest man in history"

=====================================================================================================================================================

Wikipedia links:

Afrikaans,
Bosanski, Česky, Cymraeg, Deutsch, Ελληνικά, English, Español, Euskara, Français, Suomi, עברית, Magyar, Bahasa Indonesia, Italiano, Latviešu, Mirandés, Nederlands, Norsk (bokmål)‬, Polski, Português, Русский, Slovenčina, Svenska, ไทย, Українська, 中文

=============================================================================================================================================

other links:

http://www.britannia.com/bios/royals/jgdklanc.html

http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=28331470

http://www.geneall.net/U/per_page.php?id=942

http://genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00000812&tree=LEO

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I465&tree=Eu...

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I103&tree=Nixon

http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I80355&tree=...

http://www.mathematical.com/gauntjohn1340.htm (which gives his baptism date as his birth date)

http://www.nndb.com/people/826/000094544/

http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/printable/14843

http://www.royalist.info/execute/biog?person=6

http://www.thepeerage.com/p10188.htm#i101878

http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm

=====================================================================================================================================================

Citations / Sources:

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 98-102. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families.

[S13] #379 [7th edition, 1992] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, Who Came to America Before 1700: the Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants (7th edition, 1992), Weis, Frederick Lewis, (7th edition. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, c1992), FHL book 974 D2w 1992., p. 3 line 1:31, p. 4 line 1A:31.

[S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. 2 p. 535.

[S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., vol. 1 p. 1196.

[S35] #244 The History and Antiquities of the County of Northampton (1822-1841), Baker, George, (2 volumes. London: J. B. Nichols and Son, 1822-1841), FHL book Q 942.55 H2bal; FHL microfilm 962,237 ite., vol. 1 p. 54, 55.

[S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. 1885-1900. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. 29 p. 417-427 vol. 4 p. 41.

[S40] Handbook of British Chronology (1986), Fryde, E. B., editor, (Royal Historical Society guides and handbooks, no. 2. London: Offices of the Royal Historical Society, 1986), FHL book 942 C4rg no. 2., p. 40.

[S44] #242 [1846 edition] A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the peerages of England, Ireland & Scotland, extinct, dormant, & abeyance, Burke, John, (London : Henry Colburn, 1846), 942 D22bua 1846., p. 38.

[S46] #8356 The Ligon Family and Connections (1947-1973), Ligon, William D. (William Daniel Ligon, Jr.), (3 volumes. New York: W.D. Ligon Jr, c1947-c1973 (Hartford, Conn.: Bond Press)), p. 127.

[S47] #688 Collectanea topographica et genealogica (1834-1843), (8 volumes. London: J.B. Nichols, 1834-1843), FHL book 942 B2ct; FHL microfilms 496,953 item 3 a., vol. 1 p. 297, 302.

[S49] Foundations: Journal of the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, (Periodical. Chobham, Surrey, England: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, 2005- Published twice yearly.), vol. 1 no. 5 2005 p. 310.

[S77] #33 An Official Genealogical and Heraldic Baronage of England (filmed 1957), Paget, Gerald, (Typescript, filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1957), FHL microfilm 170,063-170,067., no. 406, Nevill, Earls of Salisbury & Warwick.

[S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. 1 p. 160, 24 243-244, 248, 259-260 vol. 2 p. 242, table 2 pt. 2.

[S117] #227 The History and Antiquities of the County of Hertford (1815-1827), Clutterbuck, Robert, (3 volumes. London: Nichols, Son and Bentley, 1815-1827), FHL book Q 942.58 H2c; FHL microfilms 899,855-899,., vol. 3 p. 31.

[S266] #379 [7th edition, 1992] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, Who Came to America Before 1700 (7th edition, 1992), Weis, Frederick Lewis, (7th edition. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, c1992), FHL book 974 D2w 1992., p. 3 line 1:31, p. 4 line 1A:31.

[S673] #1079 A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time (1904-1993), Bradney, Sir Joseph Alfred, (Publications of the South Wales Record Society, number 8. Five volumes in 13. London: Mitchell, Hughes and Clarke, 1904-1993), FHL book 942.43 H2b., vol. 1 p. 6*; vol. 2 p. 25*.

[S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I.

[S735] Richard III, Ross, Charles Derek, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981), JWML book DA260 .R67 1981., p. 238.

[S743] John of Gaunt, King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, Earl of Derby, Lincoln and Leicester, Seneschal of England (1904, reprint 1964), Armitage-Smith, Sidney, (1904. Reprint, New York: Barnes and Noble, Inc., 1964), JWML book DA 247 J6 A7 1964., p. 2, 14, 407, 460-462.

[S744] #788 County Genealogies: Pedigrees of Essex Families (19--?, filmed 1965), Berry, William, ([S.l.: Sherwood, Gilbert & Piper, 19--?]. Salt Lake City: Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1965), FHL book Q 942.67 D2bw; FHL microfilm 452,530 item., p. 71.

[S745] #1600 Memorials of the Family of Tufton, Earls of Thanet: Deduced from Various Sources of Authentic Information (1880), Pocock, Robert, (Gravesend: R. Pocock, 1880), FHL book 929.242 T816p., p. 31.

[S1301] #243 [2nd ed. 1844, reprint 1977] A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland (second edition, 1841, reprint 1977), Burke, John, (Second edition, 1844. Reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1977), FHL book 942 D22bu 1977; FHL microfilm 994,038 ite., p?.

[S1886] #89 A Genealogical History of the Kings of England, and Monarchs of Great Britain, & C. From the Conquest, Anno 1066 to the Year, 1677, Sandford, Francis Esq., (London: Thomas Newcomb, 1677), FHL microfilm 599,670 item 3., p. 312, 313.

[S1888] The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Editor: George Burnett, (H.M. General Register House Edinburgh), Film: 994052., vol. 4 p. lxxxv.

[S2318] #1210 The Family of Griffith of Garn and Plasnewydd in the County of Denbigh, as Registered in the College of Arms from the Beginning of the XIth Century (1934), Glenn, Thomas Allen, (London: Harrison, 1934), FHL book 929.2429 G875g; FHL microfilm 994,040 ite., p. 221 fn. 1.

[S2411] #11915 British Genealogy (filmed 1950), Evans, Alcwyn Caryni, (Books A to H. National Library of Wales MSS 12359-12360D. Manuscript filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,355 and 104,390 item 2., book 5 p. E5; book 6 p. F3*, 9*.

[S2420] #11886 The Golden Grove books of pedigrees (filmed 1970), (Manuscript, National Library of Wales manuscript number Castell Gorfod 7. Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,349-104,351., book 9 p. G1187.

[S2434] #2105 Heraldic Visitations of Wales and Part of the Marches Between the Years 1586 and 1613 by Lewys Dwnn (1846), Dwnn, Lewys; transcribed and edited with notes by Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick, (2 volumes. Llandovery: William Rees, 1846), FHL book 942.9 D23d; FHL microfilm 176,668., vol. 2 p. 108.

[S2670] #4372 History of Maunsell, or Mansel . . . (1903), Maunsell, Robert George, (Cork: Guy, 1903), FHL book 929.242 M444m; FHL microfilm 990,078 Item., p. 40.

[S4687] Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, Authors Vary, (London: Hamilton, Adams, 1868-1938), FHL 942 B2m., 3rd ser. vol. 4 p. 17.

John of Gaunt
Memorial

Birth: Mar. 6, 1340 Ghent Arrondissement Gent East Flanders (Oost-Vlaanderen), Belgium Death: Feb. 3, 1399 Leicester Leicester Unitary Authority Leicestershire, England

English Royalty. 1st Duke of Lancaster. Born the fourth son of Edward III Plantagenet and Queen Philippa of Hainault, at Ghent (or Gaunt) in Flanders. He was made Earl of Richmond in September 1342. He married Blanche, Countess of Derby in May 1359, with whom he had seven children, including the future Henry IV. After his marriage, he was styled as Earl of Derby and of Leicester. He was appointed Knight, Order of the Garter (K.G.) in April 1361. He gained the title of Duke of Lancaster in November 1362 . After the death of his wife in 1369, the ambitious Duke married Costanza, the daughter of Pedro I, King of Léon and Castilla in 1372, with whom he had two children. After his marriage, he was styled as King John of Léon and Castilla. He took Katherine Swynford as his mistress about the same time, and with her had four children, who were given the surname Beaufort. He campaigned with his elder brother, Edward of Woodstock, and took part in the conflicts of the Hundred Years War. After the death of his brother in 1376, he was in the ascendancy at court, however, favor coincided with widespread resentment of his influence among the English population. When his father died in 1377, and was succeeded by Edward's 10 year old son, John became the protector of the young king and effectively ruled England during his minority. His decisions on taxation however, culminated in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. In 1386, he left England in an unsuccessful attempt to claim the Castilian throne. Upon his return to England in 1389, he served as mediator between the king and the Lords Appellant who had been on the brink of violence. In March 1390, Richard II invested John as Duke of Aquitaine. Costanza died at Leicester Castle in March 1394, and John married his mistress, Katherine, in 1396 at Lincoln Cathedral. The couple's children were legitimized by Richard II and the Church, but barred from inheriting the throne. He died at Leicester Castle three years later at the age of fifty-eight, he was buried beside his first wife in the choir of St Paul's Cathedral. (bio by: Iola)

Family links:

Parents:

  Edward III (1312 - 1377)

 Philippa d'Avesnes of Hainault (1311 - 1369)

Spouses:

 Blanche of Lancaster (1345 - 1369)

 Katherine Roet Swynford (1350 - 1403)

 Constance of Castile (1354 - 1394)*

Children:

 Philippa of Lancaster (1360 - 1415)*

 Elizabeth Lancaster (1363 - 1425)*

  Henry IV (1367 - 1413)*

 John de Beaufort (1371 - 1410)*

 Catherine Plantagenet Of Lancaster (1373 - 1418)*

 Henry Beaufort (1374 - 1447)*

 Joan Beaufort Neville (1375 - 1440)*

 Thomas de Beaufort (1377 - 1426)*

Siblings:

 Joan Perrers Skerne (____ - 1431)**

 Edward Plantagenet (1330 - 1376)*

 Isabel Plantagenet de Coucy (1332 - 1379)*

 Joan Plantagenet (1334 - 1348)*

 Prince William Of Hatfield (1337 - 1337)*

 Lionel Plantagenet (1338 - 1368)*

  John of Gaunt (1340 - 1399)

 Edmund of Langley (1341 - 1402)*

 Blanche de la Tour (1342 - 1342)*

 Mary de Waltham (1344 - 1362)*

 Princess Margaret Plantagenet Hastings (1346 - 1361)*

 William de Windsor (1348 - 1348)*

 Prince Thomas Woodstock Plantagenet (1355 - 1397)*

*Calculated relationship

• *Half-sibling

Burial: Saint Paul's Cathedral London City of London Greater London, England Plot: Nave

Maintained by: Find A Grave Originally Created by: Danette Percifield Cogsw... Record added: Jul 16, 2008 Find A Grave Memorial# 28331470

• Reference: Ancestry Genealogy - SmartCopy: Aug 23 2017, 12:05:32 UTC
• Reference: Ancestry Genealogy - SmartCopy: Aug 23 2017, 12:06:14 UTC

  ---

  
  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt