John Ladeaux

John was an Oglala Lakota Sioux man

28 November 1890 - Bird's Eye View of Sioux Camp at Pine Ridge, South Dakota: War Department. Army War College. Historical Section. World War I Branch. ca. 1918-ca. 1948, Record Group 111: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer

1 January 1851, The Lands of the 1851 Ft. Laramie Treaty: https://www.ndstudies.gov/''
The Pine Ridge was originally part of the Great Sioux Reservation created through the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868, but became home of the Oglala Sioux Tribe, emerged out of the process of restructuring and reducing the size of the Great Sioux Nation of the 1851 treaty.

The annual censuses taken on the Pine Ridge Reservation follow these districts, which were not all created at the same time! In addition there are off reservation trust lands.
Eagle Nest District
Pass Creek District
LaCreek District
Oglala District
Wounded Knee District
Porcupine District
Medicine Root District
Wakpamni District
Pine Ridge Village: A political district on the Pine Ridge Reservation

Additional Reading:
1) https://www.wikiwand.com/en/articles/Pine_Ridge_Indian_Reservation
2) https://www.wikiwand.com/en/articles/Oglala

Biography:
Curator Note: There are as many as three persons named John Ladeaux born in October 1884 on the Pine Ridge Reservation. The correct John Ladeaux was arrived at by excluding the others. There is a John Ladeaux Jr. floating around under various dates including 1874 and 1884, whom I believe is NOT this John but a cousin, son of John Ladeau Sr. 1848 whom I suspect is a brother of Peter 1850. If one follows the normal path, a son when he reaches 18 years of age begins living alone (B.H.S.), so if this John is living with his mother until age 21 one can assume that he needed additional parental care.

John was born c. 1884 to parents Peter Ladeaux and his wife Jennifer (Jennie) 'Pretty' Ladeaux (Beauvais). Peter's father was a Pawnee man born in Kansas and his mother was a Sioux woman born in Montana. He was born in Wyoming. Jennie's father was a white man birth unknown and her mother was a Sioux woman born in Nebraska. John was born in South Dakota. He married Mary NN probably around 1907 and had two daughters and two sons. John was one of eight (8) siblings. He was apparently aka as John LaDue and John LaDeaux

John's commitment to the Canton Asylum is unknown, probably sometime after the asylum opened in January 1903. According to the book Vanished in Hiawatha, author Carla Joinson states that when he was committed he suffered from acute melancholia (Acute melancholia is a severe and persistent form of depression characterized by intense and pervasive sadness, loss of interest, and other debilitating symptoms). He was discharged as cured on May 5, 1905, by Dr. Turner. Records from the Oscar Gifford era do not exist, I've not found any to document his admission. The only indication that he was there is a newspaper clipping from the Kadoka Press and Kadoka Reporter of Kadoka, Jackson County indicating that he had been discharged along with two others, and sent home. If he was born c. 1884 then he was a patient/inmate in the Canton Asylum between the ages of 19 and 21, who, as a ward of the US Government, would have been listed also in annual census reports from the reservation of origin, as he was.

After discharge, John appears to have lived a rather normal life, he married, had children, and died on March 21, 1935, probably at home in Jackson County. He was buried in the Saint Joseph Cemetery at Hisle, Jackson County, South Dakota.

His profile is part of the https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Canton_Asylum.

Research Notes:
-https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/2HM3-VGX
-John Ladeaux1,2,3,4,5 (M)
(October, 1884 - ), #33210
Also known as John Ledeau. The nationality of John Ladeaux was Oglala Lakota Sioux.2,3,4,5 John Ladeaux was born in October, 1884.1,2,3,4,5 He was the son of Peter Ladeaux and Jennie (?).1,3,4,5 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of Peter Ladeaux on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1890, at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Cheyenne Wakpa, Shannon Co., South Dakota, USA.2 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of Peter Ladeaux on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on July 1, 1892, at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.3 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of Peter Ladeaux on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1894, at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.4 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of Peter Ladeaux on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken on June 30, 1895, at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, White Clay District, Shannon Co., South Dakota ., USA.5 He was listed as "son" and residing in the home of Peter Ladeaux on the U.S. Indian Census Rolls taken in 1896 at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota, USA.1
Citations
[S498] Albert Ledoux Mike Stevens. 5/14/20007.
[S47] 1890 Indian Census, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, M595_364, National Archives.
[S556] 1892 Indian Census, Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, M595_364, National Archives.
[S269] 1894 Indian Census, Pine Ridge Agency, National Archives.
[S561] June 30th 1895 Indian Census, Pine Ridge Agency, National Archives Microfilm Publication M595, 692 rolls, Ancestry.com.
Source: Stevens, Mike ---. “Tiyospaye - Person Page 187.” Rootsweb.com, 2025, freepages.rootsweb.com/~mikestevens/genealogy/2010-p/p187.htm#i33210. Accessed 1 Feb. 2025.
- - - - -
-John La Deaux and John La Deaux, Jr. were used indiscriminately in the censuses based on a birth date of 1884. Some census searches for John La Deaux turn up John La Deaux b=1848, his father!
-John La Deaux shown as the son of Jennie La Deaux is from a different family of the same time and place. There is for example a 1905 census that shows Jennie as HoH and John age 21 that equates to a birth in 1884!
-"United States, Social Security Numerical Identification Files (NUMIDENT), 1936-2007", database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6KWH-T5JJ : 10 February 2023), Janie Bouaix in entry for John Ladeaux.
Name John Ladeaux
Name Note Name and form dates: Application: JOHN LADEAUX (01 Feb 1984)
Sex Male
Birth Date Nov 1886
Birthplace Pine Ridge, South Dakota, United States
Social Program Application Date 1 Feb 1984
Race Other
Father's Name Pete Ladeaux
Father's Sex Male
Mother's Name Janie Bouaix
Mother's Sex Female
Event Type Social Program Correspondence
(Curator Note: this source could suggest that John was a patient somewhere as there does not seem to be any other documentation short of the 1910 Summary Report by Harry Hummer)
- - - - -
-On Nov. 25, 1921, December 2 and 9, 1921, The Kadoka Press and Kadoka Reporter of Kadoka, Jackson, South Dakota, USA reported that John Ladeaux paid the taxes of $27.36 on the NW 1/4 of Township 40 North Range 36 West

-The Pine Ridge Agency censuses for 1890, 1891, and 1892 seem to be corrupted in the posting to the Internet Archive
__________
Sources:

1886 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll362unit/page/n528/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 529/559, line 4109 (age 2), census of the Sioux Indians at Pine Ridge Agency, D.T.

1887 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll363unit/page/n100/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 101/525, line 1363 (age 3), census of the Sioux Indians at Pine Ridge Agency, D.T.

1888 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll363unit/page/n390/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 391/525, line 2309 (age 4), census of the Ogalalla Sioux Indians at Pine Ridge Agency, D.T.

1890 Jul 1 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll364unit/page/n77/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 78/479, line 540 (age 6), census of the Ogalalla Sioux Indians, White Clay District, Pine Ridge Agency, S.D.

1891 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll364unit/page/n326/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 327/479, line 2316 (age 8 as Johnny), census of the Ogalalla Sioux Indians, White Clay District, Pine Ridge Agency, S.D.

1892...

1893 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll365unit/page/n479/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 480/503, line 5666 (age 9), census of the Ogalalla Sioux and Cheyenne, Pass Creek District, Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1894 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll366unit/page/n247/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 248/514, line 5988 (age 10), census of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1895 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll366unit/page/n496/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 497/514, line 5952 (age 11), census of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, Pass Creek District, Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1896 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll367unit/page/n139/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 140/655, line 5965 (age 12), census of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, Pass Creek District, Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1897 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll367unit/page/n336/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 337/655, line 5768 (age 13), census of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, Pass Creek District, Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1898 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll367unit/page/n488/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 489/655, line 5808 (age 14), census of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1899 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll367unit/page/n636/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 637/655, line 779 (age 15), census of the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, Pass Creek District, Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1900 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n140/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 141/622, line 5768 (age 16), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota

1901 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n282/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 283/622, line 5720 (age 17), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

1902 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n445/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 446/622, line 5608 (age 18), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

1903 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll368unit/page/n593/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 594/622, line 5657 (age 19), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

(Curator Note: Peter Ladeaux has disappeared indicating that he had possibly died, Benjamin Randall age 1-2mo. was added as a grand-son to Jennie. Jennie never married a Randall but her daughter Alice married Frannk Randall who would be her grand-son, however later censuses do NOT list Benjamin under Jennie!))

1904 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll369unit/page/n125/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 126/467, line 5675 (age 20), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

1905 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll369unit/page/n270/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 271/467, line 5595 (age 21), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

1905 Jun 16 - Dakota farmers' leader June 16 1905 • Canton, Lincoln, South Dakota, USA

1907 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll369unit/page/n431/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 432/467, line 5450 (age 23), census of the Indians, (Pass Creek District), Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

(Curator Note: The Pine Ridge census was discontinued on August 6, 1909, a 1908 census was not performed, approved by the BIA on that date. The next census of the Oglala Sioux was performed under the jurisdiction of the Pine Ridge Reservation on June 30, 1913.)

1910 Apr 30 - "United States, Census, 1910", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MPXY-QMJ : Tue Jan 21 19:41:40 UTC 2025), Entry for John Ladeaux Jr. and Mary Ladeaux, 1910, pg. 185/1005, line 21 (age 26 as John Ladeaux Jr. b=1884), census of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Pass Creek District, Sterling, South Dakota

1910 Aug 4 - Camp Verde School: 1910-27; Canton Insane Asylum: 1910-22, Series: Superintendents' Annual Narrative and Statistical Reports, Record Group 75: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20408 @ https://catalog.archives.gov/id/155854182?objectPage=674, line 30, Table 7 Form of mental disease of those admitted since opening of Asylum

1913 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n138/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 139/805, line 6001 (b=1884), census of the Pine Ridge Reservation (Pass Creek District)

1915 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n357/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 358/805, line 6820 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge ReservationAgency (Eagle Nest District), S. Dak.

(Curator Note: In the Eagle Nest District now...)

1916 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n570/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 571/805, line 6783 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency (Eagle Nest District), S. Dak.

(Curator Note: wife Mary has disappeared, likely died, sons Fred and Webster have disappeared)

1917 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll370unit/page/n791/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 792/805, line 6838 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency (Eagle Nest District), S. Dak.

1918 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGVS-CTJ3 : Sun Mar 10 03:02:45 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux, pg. 235/698, line 7661 (b=1874 as John Ladeaux Jr., John Ladeaus Sr. shown two lines up as b=1848, then on line 7662 we see John Ladeaux b=1884 with daughter Dora b=1908 and Eliza b=1912), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency, Eagle Nest District, S.D.

1919 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll371unit/page/n453/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 454/695, line 6007 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency (Eagle Nest District), S. Dak.

(Curator Note: daughter Eliza dies)

1920 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll371unit/page/n680/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 681/695, line 6385 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency (Eagle Nest District), S. D.

1921 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll372unit/page/n99/mode/1.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 100/735, line 3120 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency (Eagle Nest District), S. D.

1922 Jun 30 - “Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940 [Microform].” Internet Archive, Washington : National Archives and Records Service, 1965, https://archive.org/details/indiancensusroll372unit/page/n334/mode/.... Accessed 29 Feb. 2024, pg. 335/735, line 3311 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency (Eagle Nest District), S. D.

1923 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QP34-225L : Mon Mar 11 00:09:38 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux, pg. 593/738, line 3506 (b=1874), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency, S. D.

1924 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QP34-225L : Mon Mar 11 00:09:38 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux, pg. 133/862, line 3506 (b=1874), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency, S. D.

1927 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QP7W-8TCT : Sat Mar 09 06:59:23 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux, pg. 129/601, line 3491 (b=1884 as HoH), census of the Oglala Sioux, Pine Ridge

1928 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGR1-5QSR : Sat Jul 20 02:54:08 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux, 1928, pg. 433/601, line 3552 (b=1884), census of the Oglala Sioux Indians, Pine Ridge Agency, So. Dak.

1929 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:78YP-CNN2 : Wed Jul 17 21:54:29 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux, 1929, pg. 299/655, line 3552 (b=1884, HoH, Widowed), census of the Oglala Sioux tribe, Pine Ridge Reservation, Pine Ridge jurisdiction

1931 Apr 1 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:7B9X-K3W2 : Thu Jan 16 09:29:28 UTC 2025), Entry for John Ladeaux, 1931, pg. 301/700, line 3638 (age 57, HoH, single), census of the Pine Ridge Reservation, Pine Ridge jurisdiction

1932 Apr 1 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QP7Q-CVNH : Wed Jan 15 23:33:06 UTC 2025), Entry for John Ladeaux, 1932, pg. 311/685, line 3693 (b=1874 as Ladeaux, John Jr.), census of the Pine Ridge Reservation, Pine Ridge jurisdiction, South Dakota

1934 Apr 1 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:7FH4-4FPZ : Sat Jan 18 23:08:54 UTC 2025), Entry for John Ladeaux, 1934, pg. 322/700, line 3782 (age 60, as John Jr. b=1874, Died 3.21.1935), census of the

"South Dakota, Grave Registration Records, 1939-1942", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:WC92-BRPZ : Sat Nov 30 13:44:41 UTC 2024), Entry for John Ladeaux,
No Image
Name John Ladeaux
Event Type Burial
Event Place Union, South Dakota, United States
Event Place (Original) South Dakota, United States
Cemetery Cath Mission

"Find a Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2S3-Z88H : 10 July 2020), John Ladeaux, ; Burial, , ; citing record ID , Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
Name John Ladeaux
Event Type Burial
Event Place Hisle, Jackson, South Dakota, United States of America
Event Place (Original) Hisle, Jackson, South Dakota, United States of America
Cemetery Saint Joseph Cemetery
Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/156090869/john-ladeaux: accessed February 2, 2025), memorial page for John Ladeaux (unknown–unknown), Find a Grave Memorial ID 156090869, citing Saint Joseph Cemetery, Hisle, Jackson County, South Dakota, USA; Maintained by Becky (contributor 47506159).