Jean-Baptiste Gimaudière dit Lecompte, Jr.

Winnipeg, Division No 11, Manitoba, Canada

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Jean-Baptiste Gimaudière dit Lecompte (Lagimodiere), Jr.

French: Lagimodière, Jr.
Also Known As: "Jean-Baptiste Lagimodiere Jr 1778"
Birthdate:
Birthplace: St. Antoine de Chambly, Montérégie region, Quebec, Canada
Death: September 07, 1855 (76)
St-Boniface, Red River Colony, Canada
Place of Burial: Saint Boniface Cathedral Cemetery, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Immediate Family:

Son of Jean Baptiste Lavimodiere and Joséphte Josèphe Jared dite Beauregard
Husband of Little Weasel (Josette) Lagidomiere and Marie Anne Lagimodiere
Father of Marie Rose Antoinette Robillard; Elizabeth Lizette Sanderson (Lagimodiere); Marguerite Lagimodiere; Jean-Baptiste Elzeard Lagimodiere, III; Marie-Josette Nault and 5 others
Half brother of Agathe Poulin and Catherine Poulin

Occupation: Fur-trader
Managed by: Charlotte de Celles
Last Updated:

About Jean-Baptiste Gimaudière dit Lecompte, Jr.

Before his marriage, Jean-Baptiste had previously been involved "à la façon du pays" [in the style of the country] with a native woman who had borne his children. Marie-Anne was tolerant and accepting of the children arising from this previous relationship, although the other woman was jealous and reportedly threatened to poison her. Despite this incident, the Lagimodières generally had good relationships with the Aboriginal peoples they encountered.
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http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio.php?id_nbr=4014 _______________________________

Jean-Baptiste Lagimodiere b. Dec 26 1778 Trois Riviers married Josette (Indian) 1800 they had 3 children:

Marie Rose Antoinette b.1801 Margerite Lagimodiere b.? Lisette Lagimodiere b.1803

Then He married Marie Anne Gaboury Apr 21 1806 they had 8 children:

1. Reine Lagimodiere b. Jan 6 1807 Pembina North Dakota 2. Jean-Baptiste ( La Prairies)Lagimodiere b. Aug 15 1808 Fort Des Prairies 3. Josette Marie (La Cypress) Lagimodiere b. 1809 Montagne Cypres (Cypress Hills) 4. Benjamin Lagimodiere b. Dec 11 1811 Pembina North Dakota 5. Apolline (Pauline) Lagimodiere b. 1812 St. Boniface 6. Romain Lagimodiere b. Jan 11 1819 St. Boniface 7. Julie Lagimodiere b. July 23 1822 St. Boniface 8. Joseph Lagimodiere b. Dec 20 1825


GEDCOM Note

Family tradition has it that Louis Riel was born in a house owned by his maternal grandfather, Jean-Baptiste Lagimodiere. By the year of Riel's birth, Lagimodiere was a prosperous farmer, land owner of consequence and a prominent member of the Red River Settlement's bourgoisie. His name is not found among the ranks of the Metis and French-Canadian dissidents who were rattling the cages of the governing establishment during those years. Although his was a most adventuresome past, Lagimodiere was deeplt conservative, a man who believed in the predestined hierarchy of his society, who represented authority for authority's sake. He was to have a profound influence on his grandson.

Louis Riel's grandfather Jean Baptiste was born in December 1778 on the family farm near St. Antoine-sur-Richelieu on the east bank of the St. Lawrence River, 135 miles north of Montreal. Jean Baptiste was eight years old at the time of his mother's death. He and his two siblings were taken under the wing of an aunt. She lived near Maskinoge, in the diocese of Trois Rivieres, the main commercial centre and the seat of regional government. At the heart of this busy town was the governor's mansion, the Ursuline monastery and the Recollets cathederal. Not surprisingly, the set pieces of Jean Baptiste's character were defference to authority and devotion to church.

From the town's inception the fur trade had been Trios Rivieres's raison d'etre. The precious cargo was shipped from the northern forests down the St. Maurice and warehoused in the town, which in turn distributed supplies to the traders heading north again. As the fur business spread farther west, the Trois Rivieres's region became one of the incubators hatching young men - from noblemen's illicit offspring to farmer's sons - who were determined to escape the narrow confines of their church dominated parishes and turn a quick profit from the plushest of gold - the beaver pelt.

When Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere first headed west in 1779 at the age of twenty-one, he probably started out as a voyageur for the North West Company. If his was a standard contract, he would have signed on for three years.

Lagimodiere began his carrer at a time when the St Lawrence based fur trade was in the grip of violence and chaos. The merchant aristocracy of Montreal were engaged in cut throat competition that featured thefy, murder and a free flow of liquor to Indian trappers. There was , however, one advantage that resulted from this brawl - more workers were needed and higher wages paid. Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere was one of those who benefited.

By 1804, however, a truce had finally been called and the fur barons amalgamated into one big enterprise, the mighty North West Company. Immediately all the extra voyageurs and others who had been hired at the height of the rivalry were considered superflous. At this point Lagimodiere probably lost his job and began a new career , as a hunter of bison and trapper of beaver attached only loosely to the fur companies, thereby joining the ranks of freemen, les gens libres - a wild, dangerous, sometimes enchanting existence.

Family tradition has it that Louis Riel was born in a house owned by h is maternal grandfather, Jean-Baptiste Lagimodiere. By the year of Ri el's birth, Lagimodiere was a prosperous farmer, land owner of consequ ence and a prominent member of the Red River Settlement's bourgoisie . His name is not found among the ranks of the Metis and French-Canad ian dissidents who were rattling the cages of the governing establishm ent during those years. Although his was a most adventuresome past, L agimodiere was deeplt conservative, a man who believed in the predesti ned hierarchy of his society, who represented authority for authority' s sake. He was to have a profound influence on his grandson.

Louis Riel's grandfather Jean Baptiste was born in December 1778 on th e family farm near St. Antoine-sur-Richelieu on the east bank of the S t. Lawrence River, 135 miles north of Montreal. Jean Baptiste was eig ht years old at the time of his mother's death. He and his two siblin gs were taken under the wing of an aunt. She lived near Maskinoge, i n the diocese of Trois Rivieres, the main commercial centre and the se at of regional government. At the heart of this busy town was the gov ernor's mansion, the Ursuline monastery and the Recollets cathederal . Not surprisingly, the set pieces of Jean Baptiste's character were defference to authority and devotion to church.

From the town's inception the fur trade had been Trios Rivieres's rais on d'etre. The precious cargo was shipped from the northern forests d own the St. Maurice and warehoused in the town, which in turn distribu ted supplies to the traders heading north again. As the fur business spread farther west, the Trois Rivieres's region became one of the inc ubators hatching young men - from noblemen's illicit offspring to farm er's sons - who were determined to escape the narrow confines of thei r church dominated parishes and turn a quick profit from the plushest of gold - the beaver pelt.

When Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere first headed west in 1779 at the age o f twenty-one, he probably started out as a voyageur for the North Wes t Company. If his was a standard contract, he would have signed on fo r three years.

Lagimodiere began his carrer at a time when the St Lawrence based fur trade was in the grip of violence and chaos. The merchant aristocrac y of Montreal were engaged in cut throat competition that featured th efy, murder and a free flow of liquor to Indian trappers. There was , however, one advantage that resulted from this brawl - more workers were needed and higher wages paid. Jean Baptiste Lagimodiere was one of those who benefited.

By 1804, however, a truce had finally been called and the fur barons a malgamated into one big enterprise, the mighty North West Company. Im mediately all the extra voyageurs and others who had been hired at th e height of the rivalry were considered superflous. At this point Lag imodiere probably lost his job and began a new career , as a hunter o f bison and trapper of beaver attached only loosely to the fur compani es, thereby joining the ranks of freemen, les gens libres - a wild, da ngerous, sometimes enchanting existence.

About Jean-Baptiste Lagimodière, Jr. (Français)

LAGIMONIÈRE, JEAN-BAPTISTE (il existe plusieurs variantes de ce nom de famille dont Lagimodière, Lajimorière, Lavimaudier, Lavimodière), trafiquant de fourrures et cultivateur, né le 25 décembre 1778, probablement à Saint-Antoine-sur-Richelieu, Québec, fils de Jean-Baptiste Lagimonière, cultivateur, et de Marie-Joseph (Josephte) Jarret, dit Beauregard ; décédé le 7 septembre 1855 à Saint-Boniface (Manitoba).

Jean-Baptiste Lagimonière vécut d’abord à Saint-Antoine-sur-Richelieu, puis à Maskinongé, où son père s’était installé en 1790. Vers 1800, il s’engagea comme voyageur pour le commerce des fourrures dans le Nord-Ouest. Probablement au service de la North West Company, il passa quelques années sur le territoire à l’ouest de Grand Portage (près de Grand Portage, Minnesota). Il se serait marié à la façon du pays avec une Amérindienne, et de cette union seraient nées trois filles.

En 1805, Lagimonière était de retour dans sa famille à Maskinongé, où il fit la connaissance de Marie-Anne Gaboury* qu’il épousa le 21 avril 180. Peu de temps après, la maladie du voyage le reprit, et il repartit avec sa nouvelle femme pour le Nord-Ouest. Ils arrivèrent au fort Daer (Pembina, Dakota du Nord) vers la fin du mois d’août et y passèrent l’hiver ; le 6 janvier 1807, Marie-Anne donna naissance à une fille qu’elle prénomma Reine. Au printemps, les Lagimonière quittèrent le fort Daer en compagnie de trois Canadiens et de leurs familles pour se rendre au fort Augustus (Edmonton). Ils demeurèrent quatre ans dans cette région, où la Hudson’s Bay Company et la North West Company entretenaient chacune un poste de traite. Avec sa famille, Lagimonière participait à de nombreuses expéditions de chasse au bison et au castor, menant la vie d’un véritable « homme libre ». Il assurait, avec d’autres, l’approvisionnement en viande des trafiquants canadiens et britanniques, en plus de fournir des fourrures bien préparées grâce à une connaissance des normes du commerce que n’avaient pas les Indiens.

En 1811, la famille Lagimonière partit vers le confluent des rivières Rouge et Assiniboine, ayant appris que le lord écossais Selkirk [Douglas*], actionnaire de la Hudson’s Bay Company, devait y établir une colonie agricole. Les Lagimonière passèrent l’hiver au fort Daer et, au printemps de 1812, ils allèrent s’installer en permanence dans la colonie de la Rivière-Rouge (Manitoba). Lagimonière continua à mener la vie de chasseur. Entre 1812 et 1815, il fut embauché à plusieurs reprises par Miles Macdonell*, gouverneur de la colonie, pour fournir de la nourriture aux habitants. Il passait ses hivers avec sa famille sur l’Assiniboine, près de Portage-la-Prairie.

Durant ces années, la rivalité intense entre la Hudson’s Bay Company et la North West Company, qui cherchaient toutes deux à obtenir la mainmise sur le commerce des fourrures, mena à des accrochages violents à la Rivière-Rouge et à l’éviction des colons en juin 1815 [V. Archibald McDonald]. Après le retour des colons en août de la même année, le représentant de la compagnie dans la colonie, Colin Robertson*, engagea Lagimonière pour porter des dépêches à lord Selkirk, qui se trouvait alors à Montréal. Accompagné de Bénoni Marier, un employé de la compagnie, et d’un guide indien, Lagimonière quitta la colonie à pied le 17 octobre 1815. Se risquant sur une route qui passait largement sur le territoire de la North West Company au sud du lac Supérieur, via Sault-Sainte-Marie (Sault Ste Marie, Ontario) et York (Toronto), il accomplit un trajet de 1 800 milles et remit les dépêches entre les mains de Selkirk le 10 mars 1816. Il repartit avec les réponses de Selkirk à la fin de mars, empruntant la même route. Mais cette fois les dirigeants de la North West Company étaient décidés à ne pas le laisser passer et, dans la nuit du 16 juin 1816, près de Fond-du-Lac (Superior, Wisconsin), Lagimonière et ses compagnons furent arrêtés par des Indiens sur l’ordre d’Archibald Norman McLeod*, bourgeois de la North West Company. Dépouillés de leurs effets personnels et des dépêches de Selkirk, ils furent escortés jusqu’au fort William (Thunder Bay, Ontario) où on les libéra. Sans provisions ni moyens de subsistance, Lagimonière et ses compagnons continuèrent leur chemin vers la Rivière-Rouge. Au début de juillet, ils furent secourus par Pierre-Paul Lacroix, qui les avait trouvés sur la grève de la rivière à la Pluie, à l’ouest du fort Frances (Fort Frances). Lagimonière se rendit ensuite à la Rivière-Rouge où il arriva probablement au cours de l’été de 1816.

Après cet exploit, Lagimonière et ses fils remplirent maintes fois encore le rôle de messagers pour la Hudson’s Bay Company. Lagimonière commença aussi à cultiver une terre qui lui aurait été concédée par Selkirk en récompense des services qu’il avait rendus. Sur cette terre, située à l’embouchure de la rivière Seine, il bâtit une demeure où il éleva huit enfants, soit quatre filles et quatre garçons. En 1844, l’une de ses filles, Julie, se maria avec un voisin de la famille, Louis Riel*. Plus tard la même année, elle donna naissance à un fils, Louis*, qui deviendra le principal dirigeant des Métis lors des événements entourant l’entrée du Manitoba dans la Confédération canadienne. Dans les années 1830 et 1840, Lagimonière et ses fils se classaient parmi les cultivateurs les plus prospères de la colonie. Lagimonière continua à participer au commerce des fourrures et, avec d’autres habitants de la Rivière-Rouge, tels Cuthbert Grant et Louis Guiboche, il fit aussi du transport de marchandises.

Devenu célèbre pour son voyage à Montréal en 1815–1816, Jean-Baptiste Lagimonière fut aussi un des premiers Canadiens français à s’établir en permanence dans l’Ouest canadien.

Lynne Champagne

ANQ-MBF, CE1-10, 21 avril 1806.— AP, Immaculée-Conception (Saint-Ours), Reg. des baptêmes, mariages et sépultures, 26 déc. 1778 ; Saint-Antoine (Saint-Antoine-sur-Richelieu), Reg. des baptêmes, mariages et sépultures, 5 févr. 1776.— APC, MG 25, 62.— Arch. de la Soc. hist. de Saint-Boniface (Saint-Boniface, Manitoba), Dossier Picton ; Fonds Champagne.— PAM, HBCA, E.5/1–6 ; E.6/10–11 ; E.8/6 ; MG 2, A1 ; MG 3, D1 ; MG 7, D8 ; MG 8, C1.— HBRS, 2 (Rich et Fleming).— New light on early hist. of greater northwest (Coues), 2.— Georges Dugas, la Première Canadienne du Nord-Ouest ou la Biographie de Marie-Anne Gaboury [...] (Montréal, 1883).— Robert Gosman, The Riel and Lagimodière families in Métis society, 1840–1860 (Canada, Direction des parcs et lieux hist. nationaux, Travail inédit, no 171, Ottawa, 1977).— A. E. S. Martin, The Hudson’s Bay Company’s land tenures and the occupation of Assiniboia by Lord Selkirk’s settlers, with a list of grantees under the earl and the company (Londres, 1898).— A.-G. Morice, Histoire de l’Église catholique dans l’Ouest canadien, du lac Supérieur au Pacifique (1659–1905) (3 vol., Winnipeg et Montréal, 1912).— Petite Histoire du voyageur, Antoine Champagne, édit. ([Saint-Boniface], 1971).

Bibliographie générale

© 1985–2014 Université Laval/University of Toronto

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Jean-Baptiste Gimaudière dit Lecompte, Jr.'s Timeline

1778
December 25, 1778
St. Antoine de Chambly, Montérégie region, Quebec, Canada
December 26, 1778
St-Ours, Quebec, Canada
December 26, 1778
St-Ours, Quebec, Canada
1801
January 1, 1801
St François Xavier (Prairie-du-Cheval-Blanc/White Horse Plains),, Manitoba, Canada
1803
1803
1808
August 15, 1808
Fort Des Prairie, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
1809
July 1809
Cypress Hills, Saskachewan, Montage Cypres