JAMES HAMILTON, DUKE OF CHATELLERAULT

Wikipedia: James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault

Biography

James Hamilton was the eldest legitimate son of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran. Through his paternal grandmother Mary, Hamilton was the great-grandson of James II of Scotland. On the death of John Stewart, Duke of Albany, in 1536, Arran became the next heir of the Kingdom of Scotland after the king's descendants.

Regent of Scotland

The children of the immediate royal family proved to be short-lived, so on the death of James V of Scotland in 1542 the Earl of Arran stood next in line to the Scottish throne after the king's six-day-old newborn baby daughter Mary, Queen of Scots, for whom he was appointed regent. In 1543, supporters of Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, challenged Arran's claim and legitimacy by suggesting that his father's divorce and second marriage were invalid.

Initially a Protestant and a member of the pro-English party, in 1543 he was involved in negotiating the marriage of the Queen of Scots to the infant Prince of Wales (the future Edward VI of England). Cardinal Beaton, who favoured the Auld Alliance, was imprisoned at Dalkeith Palace and then Blackness Castle. Henry VIII of England doubted Arran's commitment to English policy and wanted him deposed. On 18 March 1543, Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich, brother of the Earl of Angus, told the English ambassador, Ralph Sadler, that;

"if there be any motion now to take the Governor from his state, and to bring the government of this realm to the king of England, I assure you it is impossible to be done at this time. For, there is not so little a boy but that he will hurl stones against it, and the wives will handle their distaffs, and the commons universally will rather die in it, yea, and many noblemen and all the clergy be fully against it."

On 3 September 1543 there was panic in Edinburgh when it became known that Arran had quietly left town. Although he had said that he was visiting his pregnant wife at Blackness Castle, the pro-English party guessed he would try to meet Cardinal Beaton. The Governor and the Cardinal were reconciled at Callendar House. Shortly after, Arran became a Catholic and joined the pro-French faction, consenting to the marriage of the Queen to the French Dauphin, later Francis II of France, and earning the Duchy of Châtellerault in the process. This led to the seven-year war with England now called the Rough Wooing which was declared on 20 December 1543. The declaration of war was brought by Henry Ray to give to the Parliament of Scotland. Arran replied that the parliament was dissolved, and so he thought it expedient not to answer Henry VIII on the points raised at the time. In 1548 the Queen of Scots went to live in the French court. For his work on negotiating her marriage, Hamilton was created Duke of Châtellerault, and made a knight of the Order of Saint Michael.

The Duke and the reformation

In 1554, Arran surrendered the regency to Mary of Guise, Queen Mary's mother. Hamilton gave up the Regency on the condition that he would be next in line after the Queen, if she died childless. But the Scottish succession had been secretly promised to France.

In the first months of the Scottish Reformation Hamilton continued to support Mary of Guise. He faced a Protestant army with the French commander at Cupar Muir in June 1559. He changed his allegiance in August 1559, joining the Protestant Lords of the Congregation to oppose the regency of Mary of Guise, and lost his French dukedom as a result. After the death of Guise, Hamilton persuaded the Parliament of Scotland to back a plan to marry his son James to Elizabeth I of England, and then after the death of Francis II of France in 1560 he attempted, without success, to arrange for James to marry the young widowed Queen Mary.

After Mary married Lord Darnley in 1565 he withdrew to his estates in France. In 1569, he returned to Scotland and was imprisoned until, in 1573, he agreed to recognize Mary's infant James as King of Scotland.

A building from his heyday as Regent survives at Kinneil in West Lothian, his Eastern residence, including carvings and paintings of his heraldry with the collar of Saint Michael.

Marriage and issue

Hamilton married in 1532, to the Lady Margaret Douglas, daughter of James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton, and Catherine Stewart, herself a natural daughter of James IV. His older half-brother James Hamilton of Finnart paid Morton 4000 marks as part of the marriage settlement. They had the following issue:

• James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran
• Lady Anne Hamilton – married George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly
• Lady Jean Hamilton – married Hugh Montgomerie, 3rd Earl of Eglinton
• Lady Barbara Hamilton – married first Alexander Gordon, Lord Gordon, then James Fleming, 4th Lord Fleming
• John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Hamilton – married Margaret, daughter of John Lyon, 7th Lord Glamis as her second husband
• Lady Margaret Hamilton – married Sir Alexander Pethein (Peden)
• Gawain Hamilton – died in infancy
• Lady Elizabeth – married George Hamilton
• David Hamilton – had three children in 1575.
• Claud Hamilton, 1st Lord Paisley – married Margaret, daughter of George Seton, 7th Lord Seton

  ---

  
  

http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hamilton-1233

James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran

Wikipedia writes:

James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault and 2nd Earl of Arran (c. 1516 – 22 January 1575), was a Scottish nobleman and regent for Mary, Queen of Scots.

He was the eldest legitimate son of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran.

Through his paternal grandmother Mary of Scotland, Hamilton was the great grandson of James II of Scotland. On the death of John Stewart, Duke of Albany, in 1536, Arran became the next heir of the Kingdom of Scotland after the king's immediate family.

The children of the immediate royal family were short-lived, so when James V died in 1542, the Earl of Arran was next in line for the throne ... after the king's six-day-old newborn baby daughter Mary, Queen of Scots, for whom he was appointed regent.

In 1543, supporters of Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, challenged Arran's claim and legitimacy by suggesting that his father's divorce and second marriage were invalid

Initially a Protestant and a member of the pro-English party, in 1543 he was involved in negotiating the marriage of the Queen of Scots to the infant Prince of Wales (the future Edward VI of England). Cardinal Beaton, who favoured the Auld Alliance, was imprisoned at Dalkeith Palace and then Blackness Castle. Henry VIII of England doubted Arran's commitment to English policy and wanted him deposed. On 18 March 1543, Sir George Douglas of Pittendreich, brother of the Earl of Angus, told the English ambassador, Ralph Sadler, that:

   if there be any motion now to take the Governor from his state, and to bring the government of this realm to the king of England, I assure you it is impossible to be done at this time. For, there is not so little a boy but that he will hurl stones against it, and the wives will handle their distaffs, and the commons universally will rather die in it, yea, and many noblemen and all the clergy be fully against it. 

On 3 September 1543 there was panic in Edinburgh when it became known that Arran had quietly left town. Although he said he was visiting his pregnant wife at Blackness Castle, the pro-English party guessed he would try to meet Cardinal Beaton. The Governor and the Cardinal were reconciled at Callendar House.

Shortly after, Arran became Catholic and joined the pro-French faction, consenting to the marriage of the Queen to the French Dauphin, later Francis, earning the Duchy of Châtellerault in the process.This led to the seven-year war with England. Known as the Rough Wooing, it was declared 20 December 1543.

The declaration of war was brought by Henry Ray to give to the Parliament of Scotland. Arran replied that parliament was dissolved, so he thought it expedient not to answer Henry VIII on the points raised.

In 1548 the Queen of Scots went to live in the French court. For his part in negotiating her marriage, Hamilton was created Duke of Châtellerault, and made a knight of the Order of Saint Michael. Titles

   btw 26 Mar 1529 and 21 Jul 1529: 2nd Earl of Arran

   btw 26 Mar 1529 - 21 Jul 1529: 3rd Lord Hamilton

   1542 - 1554: Regent of Scotland

   13 Mar 1542/43: Second Person of Scotland and Heir Presumptive of the Crown.

   June 1548: Knight, Order of St. Michael of France

   08 Feb 1548/9: Duc de Châtellérault [France] 

Family

   m. before 23 Sep 1532, Lady Margaret Douglas, daughter of James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton, and Catherine Stewart. They had 5 sons and 3 daughters 

   Child: James, 3rd Earl of Arran 

   Child: Gawain, died young or Gavin - rejected match 

   Child: John, 1st Marquess of Hamilton 

   Child: David, dsp 1611 

   Child: Claud, 1st Lord Paisley 

   Child: Lady Barbara, wife of Alexander Gordon and James Fleming 

   Child: Lady Jean, wife of Hugh Montgomery 

   Child: Lady Anne, wife of George Gordon of Huntly 

Wikipedia names 2 more daughters, not supported by Richardson or Balfour Paul.

Sources

   Marlyn Lewis

   Wikipedia - James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault

   Balfour Paul, Sir James: The Scots Peerage, 8+1 vols, Volume 4 (1907), page 366, III.

   European Heraldry - House of Hamilton and Douglas-Hamilton.

   ThePeerage.com.

   The House of Hamilton by George Hamilton. Skinner and Co., Edinburgh. 1933 p 14

   Almanach de Gotha - Higher Nobility of EuropeVolume VII - Part XV House of Hamilton

   Wikipedia - Duke of Châtellerault

   Richardson, Douglas: Magna Carta Ancestry (2011), 4 vols, Volume 2, page 403, HOUSTON 13.

   Richardson, Douglas: Plantagenet Ancestry (2010), 3 vols, Volume 2, page 261, HOUSTON 14. 

Terry Wright Bette Christopher-Pena Sir William Arbuthnot Ferrell Foster
Citations

1. [S37] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 994. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition.
2. [S37] Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition, volume 1, page 1391.

Links

1. http://thepeerage.com/p32751.htm#i327506
2. http://genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00017588&tree=LEO
3. "Thomas Hamilton-Progenitor of a Colonial American Family: His Ulster Origins Revealed by DNA" by Shellee A Morehead, PhD, CG; Cynthia L Hamilton; published in Directory of Irish Family History Research, no. 36, 2013, Ulster Historical Foundation; Belfast, Ireland. This article provides various sources for its information. < PDF >

Note: This article states tests from unnamed "descendants" and no pedigree.

House of Hamilton

GEDCOM Source

@R-1093420620@ Ancestry Family Trees Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members.

GEDCOM Source

Ancestry Family Tree http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=90970223&pid...

Sir James Hamilton, 5th of Cadzow

Y-DNA

Y-DNA of James Hamilton R1b1a1a2. Not Haplogroup I1a2a1a1 (I-L338) and not Haplogroups I1a3a, I1a4a (I-L1237) either.

As for the confusion concerning the Hamilton Y-DNA and the Douglas Y-DNA.
In one instance of the Douglas Y-DNA: Y-DNA I-L338 (Y-DNA I-L1237 SNP L-338) for all of Walter Hamilton of Darngaber's male line? (Possibly, as he was my Great-grandfather, on my Grandmother's side) Y-DNA is possibly I-Y6635 per Descendent of Walter Hamilton of Darngaber, (potentially one of my FTDNA matches). BOTH I-L338 (also known as I1a2a1a1a) and related I-Y6635 (also known as I1a3a1a1a1, Parent Branch: I-Y6624) are of Haplogroup I-M253 also known as I1 (a Y chromosome haplogroup). I-L338 is a well-known Haplogroup of the Douglases. (I-L1237 of Y6633)

Walter Hamilton of Darngaber (clearly not "of Cadzow") BIRTH 1392 • Cadzow, Lanarkshire, Scotland, DEATH 20 MAY 1441 • Trabzon, Trabzon, Turkey and his descendants were descended from the Douglases and not the Hamiltons.

Sources:

http://dgmweb.net/DNA/Thompson/ThompsonDNA-results.html
https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Douglas?iframe=yresults
http://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=21060
https://haplogroup.org/ystory/i-y6635/
http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/B1.pdf
(And it is not unreasonable to, at least, consider the uncle of Walter Hamilton (of Darngarber, not "of Cadzow"), John Hamilton of Fingalton as not being a Hamilton either as their Y-DNA has been compared. Assumptions to the contrary are very risky.)

James Hamilton 5th Baron of Cadzow was the son of Sir John Hamilton 4th of Cadzow, but his paternity was considered uncertain (by some people who had ulterior motives). DNA testing of specifically selected alleged Hamilton descendants (not proven) in the Hamilton Surname DNA Project (even though the Hamilton Surname DNA Project has shown possible flaws in research and in Wikitree coordination, as noted by those who object to his paternity) seemingly suggested to some that Sir John 4th of Cadzow (who chose James to be the 5th of Cadzow) was not his biological father. The male-line descendants of James' possible brother Walter Hamilton of Darngaber (who might not be a Hamilton) and his possible uncle John Hamilton of Butterknock (who also might not be a Hamilton) are similar while the descendants of James the 4th are distinct (R1b (R-M343); ‎R-M269, Y-DNA R1b1a1a2), possibly suggesting to some that his biological father was not a Hamilton. Or suggesting to others that the 5th of Cadzow was the son of the 4th of Cadzow, but Walter Hamilton of Darngaber and Walter's uncle John Hamilton of Butterknock were born of unknown fathers of the same Clan. And yes this applies to Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the USA Treasury also, whose father is possibly unknown (has been debated for years) but whose actual father could have been from the same Clan as the father of Walter Hamilton of Darngaber. (By the way, all of the ancient ancestors of the Hamiltons of Cadzow were Y-DNA R1b (R-M343); ‎R-M269, Y-DNA R1b1a1a2) including Ivar Ragnarsson King of Dublin and York "Ivar the boneless").
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/75649477/person/44...
This study is incorrect: http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/Results.html
This wikitree page is incorrect: https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hamilton-1093
This Wikipedia page was incorrect, but has now been corrected: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Hamilton_of_Cadzow
https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/75649477/person/44323376800/facts'''

Early Hamilton Y-DNA including their ancestors

R1b-DF21 y-Haplogroup (S192) aka R1b1a1a2a1a2c1a5, R1b1a2a1a2c1g (Isogg 2015)

R1b-DF21 y-Haplogroup (S192) aka R1b1a1a2a1a2c1a5, R1b1a2a1a2c1g (Isogg 2015); (large clade); (some of its children' are FGC3213 's children -- Yfull and R_org trees are hard to line up); (very prominent early; RATHLIN ISLAND of Northern IRELAND; TORRES of Iberia; FUSTON nr. Rhine; MONTGOMERY of Normandy; McDONALD; McDANIEL; ALEXANDER; McKELLAR, HAMILTON, SLOAN, etc.; ALLEN-YYRYG).

Born: 2200 BC.

Transcription of text in document
/ -- R-Y482 y-Haplogroup + ====> [ 45]
/ -- R1 y-Haplogroup (P238)
/ -- R1b y-Haplogroup (M343)
/ -- R1b-L278 y-Haplogroup (M415)
/ -- R1b-L754 y-Haplogroup (15,100 BC)
/ -- R1b-L389 y-Haplogroup (13,600 BC)
/ -- R1b-P297 y-Haplogroup (11,300 BC)
/ -- R1b-M269 y-Haplogroup
/ -- R1b-L23 y-Haplogroup (4100 BC)
/ -- R1b-L51 y-Haplogroup (M412)
/ -- R1b-L151 y-Haplogroup (P310/L11)
/ -- R1b-P312 y-Haplogroup
/ -- R1b-S461 y-Haplogroup (Z260)
/ -- R1b-L21 y-Haplogroup ('North Atlantic') (Rhine 2360 BC)
/ -- R1b-DF13 y-Haplogroup (CTS241)
/
- R1b-DF21 y-Haplogroup (S192)

https://fabpedigree.com/s028/f991991.htm
__________________________________________________________________
R-DF21 Computed Origin Near Isle of Man.

R-DF21 is a major British Isles lineage that was born in the British Isles 1900 BC. It is one of 22 established child lineages of parent R-DF13 who was also likely born and spent his entire life in the British Isles. It had 125 samples on YFull as of Dec 29, 2019 that have been geolocated to the Old World. (Jan 12, 2020)

https://phylogeographer.com/r-df21-computed-origin-near-isle-of-man....
__________________________________________________________________
... map only reflect a haplogroup distribution from the SNP-typed samples...

https://yhrd.org/details/branch/R1b-DF21